Bash 中的多维关联数组 [英] Multidimensional associative arrays in Bash

问题描述

我正在尝试创建一个多维关联数组，但需要一些帮助.我已经查看了 此页面中建议的页面所以回答但它让我更加困惑.到目前为止，这是我所拥有的:

I'm trying to create a multidimensional associative array but need some help. I have reviewed the page suggested in this SO answer but it confused me even more. So far here is what I have:

脚本:

#!/bin/bash
declare -A PERSONS
declare -A PERSON
PERSON["FNAME"]='John'
PERSON["LNAME"]='Andrew'
PERSONS["1"]=${PERSON[@]}
PERSON["FNAME"]='Elen'
PERSON["LNAME"]='Murray'
PERSONS["2"]=${PERSON[@]}
for KEY in "${!PERSONS[@]}"; do
 TMP="${PERSONS["$KEY"]}"
 echo "$KEY - $TMP"
 echo "${TMP["FNAME"]}"
 echo "${TMP["LNAME"]}"
done

输出:

1 - John Andrew
John Andrew
John Andrew
2 - Elen Murray
Elen Murray
Elen Murray

如您所见，在 for 循环中尝试访问 $TMP 数组的特定索引会返回整个数组.

As you can see trying to access a specific index of the $TMP array in the for loop returns the whole array.

[Q] 我需要做什么才能单独访问FNAME"和LNAME"for 循环内 $TMP 数组的索引?

[Q] What do I need to do in order to separately access the "FNAME" and "LNAME" indexes of the $TMP array inside the for loop?

谢谢.

推荐答案

你不能做你想做的事:bash 数组 是一维的

You can't do what you're trying to do: bash arrays are one-dimensional

$ declare -A PERSONS
$ declare -A PERSON
$ PERSON["FNAME"]='John'
$ PERSON["LNAME"]='Andrew'
$ declare -p PERSON
declare -A PERSON='([FNAME]="John" [LNAME]="Andrew" )'
$ PERSONS[1]=([FNAME]="John" [LNAME]="Andrew" )
bash: PERSONS[1]: cannot assign list to array member

您可以通过组合合适的数组索引字符串来伪造多维性:

You can fake multidimensionality by composing a suitable array index string:

declare -A PERSONS
declare -A PERSON

PERSON["FNAME"]='John'
PERSON["LNAME"]='Andrew'
i=1
for key in "${!PERSON[@]}"; do
  PERSONS[$i,$key]=${PERSON[$key]}
done

PERSON["FNAME"]='Elen'
PERSON["LNAME"]='Murray'
((i++))
for key in "${!PERSON[@]}"; do
  PERSONS[$i,$key]=${PERSON[$key]}
done

declare -p PERSONS
# ==> declare -A PERSONS='([1,LNAME]="Andrew" [2,FNAME]="Elen" [1,FNAME]="John" [2,LNAME]="Murray" )'

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