如何将 XML 字符串转换为字典? [英] How to convert an XML string to a dictionary?
问题描述
我有一个从套接字读取 XML 文档的程序.我将 XML 文档存储在一个字符串中,我想将其直接转换为 Python 字典,与在 Django 的 simplejson
库中的做法相同.
I have a program that reads an XML document from a socket. I have the XML document stored in a string which I would like to convert directly to a Python dictionary, the same way it is done in Django's simplejson
library.
举个例子:
str ="<?xml version="1.0" ?><person><name>john</name><age>20</age></person"
dic_xml = convert_to_dic(str)
然后 dic_xml
看起来像 {'person' : { 'name' : 'john', 'age' : 20 } }
推荐答案
这是某人创建的一个很棒的模块.我已经用过几次了.http://code.activestate.com/recipes/410469-xml-as-字典/
This is a great module that someone created. I've used it several times. http://code.activestate.com/recipes/410469-xml-as-dictionary/
这是网站上的代码,以防链接失效.
Here is the code from the website just in case the link goes bad.
from xml.etree import cElementTree as ElementTree
class XmlListConfig(list):
def __init__(self, aList):
for element in aList:
if element:
# treat like dict
if len(element) == 1 or element[0].tag != element[1].tag:
self.append(XmlDictConfig(element))
# treat like list
elif element[0].tag == element[1].tag:
self.append(XmlListConfig(element))
elif element.text:
text = element.text.strip()
if text:
self.append(text)
class XmlDictConfig(dict):
'''
Example usage:
>>> tree = ElementTree.parse('your_file.xml')
>>> root = tree.getroot()
>>> xmldict = XmlDictConfig(root)
Or, if you want to use an XML string:
>>> root = ElementTree.XML(xml_string)
>>> xmldict = XmlDictConfig(root)
And then use xmldict for what it is... a dict.
'''
def __init__(self, parent_element):
if parent_element.items():
self.update(dict(parent_element.items()))
for element in parent_element:
if element:
# treat like dict - we assume that if the first two tags
# in a series are different, then they are all different.
if len(element) == 1 or element[0].tag != element[1].tag:
aDict = XmlDictConfig(element)
# treat like list - we assume that if the first two tags
# in a series are the same, then the rest are the same.
else:
# here, we put the list in dictionary; the key is the
# tag name the list elements all share in common, and
# the value is the list itself
aDict = {element[0].tag: XmlListConfig(element)}
# if the tag has attributes, add those to the dict
if element.items():
aDict.update(dict(element.items()))
self.update({element.tag: aDict})
# this assumes that if you've got an attribute in a tag,
# you won't be having any text. This may or may not be a
# good idea -- time will tell. It works for the way we are
# currently doing XML configuration files...
elif element.items():
self.update({element.tag: dict(element.items())})
# finally, if there are no child tags and no attributes, extract
# the text
else:
self.update({element.tag: element.text})
示例用法:
tree = ElementTree.parse('your_file.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
xmldict = XmlDictConfig(root)
//或者,如果要使用 XML 字符串:
//Or, if you want to use an XML string:
root = ElementTree.XML(xml_string)
xmldict = XmlDictConfig(root)
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