让 JSON 对象接受字节或让 urlopen 输出字符串 [英] Let JSON object accept bytes or let urlopen output strings

问题描述

使用 Python 3，我从 URL 请求一个 json 文档.

With Python 3 I am requesting a json document from a URL.

response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)

response 对象是一个类似文件的对象，带有 read 和 readline 方法.通常可以使用以文本模式打开的文件来创建 JSON 对象.

The response object is a file-like object with read and readline methods. Normally a JSON object can be created with a file opened in text mode.

obj = json.load(fp)

我想做的是:

obj = json.load(response)

但是这不起作用，因为 urlopen 以二进制模式返回文件对象.

This however does not work as urlopen returns a file object in binary mode.

解决方法当然是:

str_response = response.read().decode('utf-8')
obj = json.loads(str_response)

但这感觉很糟糕...

有没有更好的方法可以将字节文件对象转换为字符串文件对象?或者我是否缺少 urlopen 或 json.load 的任何参数来提供编码?

Is there a better way that I can transform a bytes file object to a string file object? Or am I missing any parameters for either urlopen or json.load to give an encoding?

推荐答案

HTTP 发送字节.如果相关资源是文本，则字符编码通常由 Content-Type HTTP 标头或其他机制(RFC、HTML meta http-equiv、...)指定.

HTTP sends bytes. If the resource in question is text, the character encoding is normally specified, either by the Content-Type HTTP header or by another mechanism (an RFC, HTML meta http-equiv,...).

urllib 应该知道如何将字节编码为字符串，但它太天真了——它是一个可怕的功能不足且非 Pythonic 的库.

urllib should know how to encode the bytes to a string, but it's too naïve—it's a horribly underpowered and un-Pythonic library.

深入 Python 3提供有关情况的概述.

你的变通办法"很好——虽然感觉不对，但这是正确的做法.

Your "work-around" is fine—although it feels wrong, it's the correct way to do it.

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