如何在 Ruby 中替换带重音的拉丁字符? [英] How do I replace accented Latin characters in Ruby?

问题描述

我有一个 ActiveRecord 模型，Foo，它有一个 name 字段.我希望用户能够按名称搜索，但我希望搜索忽略大小写和任何重音.因此，我还存储了一个用于搜索的 canonical_name 字段:

I have an ActiveRecord model, Foo, which has a name field. I'd like users to be able to search by name, but I'd like the search to ignore case and any accents. Thus, I'm also storing a canonical_name field against which to search:

class Foo
  validates_presence_of :name

  before_validate :set_canonical_name

  private

  def set_canonical_name
    self.canonical_name ||= canonicalize(self.name) if self.name
  end

  def canonicalize(x)
    x.downcase.  # something here
  end
end

我需要填写这里的东西"来替换重音字符.有什么比

I need to fill in the "something here" to replace the accented characters. Is there anything better than

x.downcase.gsub(/[àáâãäå]/,'a').gsub(/æ/,'ae').gsub(/ç/, 'c').gsub(/[èéêë]/,'e')....

而且，就此而言，由于我使用的不是 Ruby 1.9，因此我无法将这些 Unicode 文字放入我的代码中.实际的正则表达式会看起来更丑.

And, for that matter, since I'm not on Ruby 1.9, I can't put those Unicode literals in my code. The actual regular expressions will look much uglier.

推荐答案

Rails 已经有一个用于规范化的内置函数，您只需要使用它来规范化您的字符串以形成 KD，然后删除其他字符(即重音符号)，例如这个:

Rails has already a builtin for normalizing, you just have to use this to normalize your string to form KD and then remove the other chars (i.e. accent marks) like this:

>> "àáâãäå".mb_chars.normalize(:kd).gsub(/[^x00-x7F]/n,'').downcase.to_s
=> "aaaaaa"

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