如何避免“无法加载此类文件——utils/popen"来自 OSX 上的自制软件 [英] How to avoid "cannot load such file -- utils/popen" from homebrew on OSX

问题描述

在终端中运行 brew 时出现错误:

I'm getting an error when I run brew in the terminal:

 /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require': cannot load such file -- utils/popen (LoadError)
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /usr/local/Library/Homebrew/utils.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /usr/local/Library/Homebrew/global.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /usr/local/Library/brew.rb:16:in `<main>'

这些是我的宝石设置:

- RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.14
- RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2014-02-24 patchlevel 451) [universal.x86_64-darwin13]
- INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0
- RUBY EXECUTABLE: /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
- EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/bin
- RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
  - ruby
  - universal-darwin-13
- GEM PATHS:
  - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0
  - /Users/ronaldkwan/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
  - /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
- GEM CONFIGURATION:
  - :update_sources => true
  - :verbose => true
  - :backtrace => false
  - :bulk_threshold => 1000

推荐答案

原答案

该问题主要发生在将 OS X 更新到 El Capitan (OS X 10.11) 或 macOS Sierra (macOS 10.12) 之后.

Original Answer

The problem mainly occurs after updating OS X to El Capitan (OS X 10.11) or macOS Sierra (macOS 10.12).

这是因为 El Capitan 或更高版本 macOS 的文件权限问题 新的 SIP 进程.尝试更改 /usr/local 目录的权限:

This is because of file permission issues with El Capitan’s or later macOS's new SIP process. Try changing the permissions for the /usr/local directory:

$ sudo chown -R $(whoami):admin /usr/local  

如果它仍然不起作用，请在终端会话中使用这些步骤，一切都会好起来的:

If it still doesn't work, use these steps inside a terminal session and everything will be fine:

cd /usr/local/Homebrew
git reset --hard origin/master
brew update

如果 /usr/local/Library/Homebrew 不起作用，请尝试 /usr/local/Homebrew.问题可能是 Homebrew 已经过时了.

If /usr/local/Library/Homebrew doesn't work, try /usr/local/Homebrew. The problem might be that Homebrew is outdated.

上述命令不适用于 macOS High Sierra 或更高版本，如本 GitHub 问题.您必须改为运行它:

The command above doesn't work for macOS High Sierra or above, as explained in this GitHub issue. You have to run this instead:

sudo chown -R $(whoami) $(brew --prefix)/*

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