将数字格式化为固定宽度，前导零 [英] Format number as fixed width, with leading zeros

问题描述

以下代码

a <- seq(1,101,25)
b <- paste("name", 1:length(a), sep = "_")

产生这个输出:

"name_1"  "name_26"  "name_51"  "name_76"  "name_101"

我希望所有值的宽度相同，这意味着我用零填充值，如下所示:

I'd like to have the same width of all values which means for me to fill the values with zeros like this:

"name_001"  "name_026"  "name_051"  "name_076"  "name_101"

我该如何处理?

_{(这个问题与这个问题有关.)}

推荐答案

有几种解决方案.

其中之一是使用 sprintf.这使用嵌入在字符串中的 C 样式格式代码来指示传递给它的任何其他参数的格式.例如，格式化代码 %3d 表示将数字格式化为宽度为 3 的整数:

One of them is to use sprintf. This uses C style formatting codes embedded in a character string to indicate the format of any other arguments passed to it. For example, the formatting code %3d means format a number as integer of width 3:

a <- seq(1,101,25)
sprintf("name_%03d", a)
[1] "name_001" "name_026" "name_051" "name_076" "name_101"

另一个是formatC和paste:

paste("name", formatC(a, width=3, flag="0"), sep="_")
[1] "name_001" "name_026" "name_051" "name_076" "name_101"

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