使用 elasticsearch 精确搜索数组对象类型 [英] Exact search in array object type using elasticsearch

问题描述

我正在寻找一种在弹性搜索中进行 精确 数组匹配的方法.假设这些是我的文件:

I'm looking for a way to do exact array matches in elastic search. Let's say these are my documents:

{"id": 1, "categories" : ["c", "d"]}
{"id": 2, "categories" : ["b", "c", "d"]}
{"id": 3, "categories" : ["c", "d", "e"]}
{"id": 4, "categories" : ["d"]}
{"id": 5, "categories" : ["c", "d"]}

有没有办法搜索所有完全类别为c"和d"(文档 1 和 5)的文档，不多也不少?

Is there a way to search for all document's that have exactly the categories "c" and "d" (documents 1 and 5), no more or less?

作为奖励:搜索其中一个"类别应该仍然是可能的(例如，您可以搜索c"并获得 1、2、3 和 5)

As a bonus: Searching for "one of these" categories should still be possible as well (for example you could search for "c" and get 1, 2, 3 and 5)

有什么巧妙的办法解决这个问题?

Any clever way to tackle this problem?

推荐答案

如果你有一组离散的、已知的类别，你可以使用 bool 查询:

If you have a discrete, known set of categories, you could use a bool query:

"bool" : {
    "must" : {
        "terms" : { "categories" : ["c", "d"],
             minimum_should_match : 2
         }
    },
    "must_not" : {
        "terms" : { "categories" : ["a", "b", "e"],
             minimum_should_match : 1
         }
    }
}

否则，我认为最简单的方法可能是存储另一个字段作为类别关键字.

Otherwise, Probably the easiest way to accomplish this, I think, is to store another field serving as a categories keyword.

{"id": 1, "categories" : ["c", "d"], "categorieskey" : "cd"}

类似的东西.然后您可以轻松地使用术语查询精确地查询您想要的结果，例如:

Something like that. Then you could easily query with a term query for precisely the results you want, like:

term { "categorieskey" : "cd" }

您仍然可以进行非排他性搜索，例如；

And you could still search non-exclusively, as;

term { "categories" : "c" }

查询必须同时存在的两个类别很容易，但阻止任何其他潜在类别存在则有点困难.你可以做到，也许.您可能想要编写一个查询来查找两者的记录，然后对其应用过滤器，以消除除指定类别之外的任何记录.据我所知，这并不是 Lucene 真正设计用来处理的一种搜索.

Querying for two categories that must both be present is easy enough, but then preventing any other potential categories from being present is a bit harder. You could do it, probably. You'dd probably want to write a query to find records with both, then apply a filter to it eliminating any records with categories other than the ones specified. It's not really a sort of search that Lucene is really designed to handle, to my knowledge.

老实说，我很难在这里找到一个好的过滤器.您可能需要一个脚本过滤器，或者您可以在检索到结果后对其进行过滤.

Honestly I'm having a bit of trouble coming up with a good filter to use here. You might need a script filter, or you could filter the results after they have been retrieved.

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