提高::线程的生成错误（无法链接的lib和放大器;＆安培;无法解析的外部） [英] boost::thread build error (unable to link lib && unresolved external)

问题描述

我想在VS 2008跟随升压的一个简单的教程::线程（版本1.4-3）：

I'm trying to follow a simple tutorial of Boost::Thread (ver 1.4-3) in VS 2008:

#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>

void Func()
{
    // Do something
}

void main()
{
    boost::thread _thrd(&Func);
    _thrd.join();
    ....
}

在编译过程中它会产生这个错误：

During compilation it produces this error:

Error 1 fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'libboost_thread-vc90-mt-gd-1_43.lib' CConsole

我有，加入的#define BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB 来解决。
然而，它给了我另一个错误：

which I have to resolve by adding #define BOOST_ALL_NO_LIB. However, it gives me another error:

Error 3 fatal error LNK1120: 2 unresolved externals 
C:\xx\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\CConsole\Debug\CConsole.exe


Error 1 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall boost::thread::~thread(void)" (??1thread@boost@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _wmain CConsole.obj


Error 2 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "private: void __thiscall boost::thread::start_thread(void)" (?start_thread@thread@boost@@AAEXXZ) referenced in function "public: __thiscall boost::thread::thread<void (__cdecl*)(void)>(void (__cdecl*)(void),struct boost::thread::dummy *)" (??$?0P6AXXZ@thread@boost@@QAE@P6AXXZPAUdummy@01@@Z) CConsole.obj

有谁知道如何解决这个问题？

Does anyone know how to resolve the issue?

感谢。

推荐答案

我觉得更深层次的答案不是阅读他妈的手册可能会有所帮助！

I think a deeper answer than "Read the F*cking Manual" might be helpful!

这种链接错误是一个线索，你试图链接不兼容的Boost库。

This kind of link error is a clue that you're trying to link an incompatible Boost library.

我得到这个，当我错误地建立了一个32位的升压线程库时，我还以为是建立一个64位的库。过了一段时间，以弄清楚，当你说 - 地址模型= 64 作为的bjam命令行参数，你已经做出了细微的错误。在地址模型参数绝不能有 - preFIX。不幸的是，当它看到不正确的语法的bjam不会通知您。

I got this when I mistakenly built a 32 bit Boost thread library when I thought I was building a 64 bit library. It took a while to figure out that when you say --address-model=64 as a bjam command line parameter you have made a subtle mistake. The address-model parameter must NOT have the -- prefix. Unfortunately bjam does not inform you when it sees the incorrect syntax.

您可以使用DUMPBIN程序来检查你的库提供的符号，与该连接器说是悬而未决的符号。我发现，库符号，用装饰__ thiscall ，而不是 __ CDECL 。这是结构不匹配的尖叫很好的线索。微软编译器使用 __ thiscall 函数调用协议的32位版本，但它使用 __ CDECL 64位构建。是的，微软的文档是有点弱在这里！

You can use the dumpbin program to check the symbols provided by your library, versus the symbols that the linker says are unresolved. I found that the library symbols were decorated with __thiscall and not __cdecl. This is a screaming good clue of the architecture mismatch. The Microsoft compiler uses the __thiscall function call protocol for 32-bit builds, but it uses __cdecl for 64-bit builds. Yes, the Microsoft documentation is a little weak here!!

要检查的.lib或.dll，看它是如何构建的，最好的办法是使用DUMPBIN程序。这里有一个例子：

The best way to check a .lib or .dll to see how it was built is to use the dumpbin program. Here's an example:

dumpbin /headers libboost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_45.lib | findstr machine

您将不得不调整库名以适应你当然链接的内容。这将毫无疑问地显示你的.lib或.dll是否是针对86（这是32位）或x64（64位）。

You'll have to adjust the library name to suit what you're linking of course. This will show you unambiguously whether the .lib or .dll is targeted for x86 (which is 32-bit) or x64 (64-bit).

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