使用makefile编写makefile中的依赖项 [英] Writing dependencies in makefile, with makefile

问题描述

根据一些SO问题 - 以及一些进一步的参考文献，我正在尝试构建一个makefile：

Based on some SO questions -- and some further reference found --, I'm trying to build a makefile able to:

• 找到 $（SRC）中的目录，要编译的 .cpp 文件;


• 编译 .cpp ，产生 .o 对象;


• 从每个 .o 生成 .so 共享对象。

• find, given the directories in $(SRC), the .cpp files to be compiled;
• compile the .cpp, producing .o objects;
• generate .so shared objects from each .o formerly compiled.

make文件应该做什么来实现：

What the make file is supposed to do to achieve that is:

• 找到 $（SRC）中的目录，要编译的 .cpp 文件;


• 使用 -MM 编译器标志为每个 .cpp 构建依赖性列表;


• 使用 $（eval ...）注释/添加每个依赖项;


• 发现，生成 .o 和 .so 文件。

• find, given the directories in $(SRC), the .cpp files to be compiled;
• build the dependency list for each .cpp using -MM compiler's flag;
• annotate/add each dependency using $(eval ...);
• evaluate/solve each dependency found, producing both the .o and .so files.

我到目前为止：
我已经能够做到这一切，除了使它工作（：
我得到的错误说明有一个空的标签''作为依赖：

$ make make： * 没有规则要使目标'需要
/ home / rubens /bin/label.o'。停止。

$ make make: * No rule to make target ', needed by /home/rubens/bin/label.o'. Stop.

所以，这里是我还无法运行的makefile：

So, here is the makefile I'm yet not able to run:

# Directories
SRC := process init
BIN := $(HOME)/bin

LIB := watershed
LIBPATH := $(WATERSHED)/lib
INC := $(WATERSHED)/include $(XERCES)/include

# Paths
MPICPP := mpic++
SOURCES := $(shell find $(SRC) -name '*.cpp')
OBJECTS := $(addprefix $(BIN)/, $(notdir $(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)))
SHARED := $(OBJECTS:.o=.so)

# Flags 
CFLAGS := -std=c++0x -O2 -Wall -fPIC
CFLAGS += $(foreach inc, $(INC), -I $(inc))
LFLAGS :=
LFLAGS += $(foreach lib, $(LIB), -l $(lib))
LFLAGS += $(foreach path, $(LIBPATH), -L $(lib))

# Rules
$(SHARED): | bindir
%.o:
        @echo $@ -- [$<][$^][$*]
        @echo $(MPICPP) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

%.so: %.o
        @echo $(MPICPP) $(LFLAGS) -shared $< -o $@

bindir:
        @mkdir -p $(BIN)

# Utilities
.PHONY: all clean
all: $(SHARED)
clean:
        @rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(SHARED)

# Dependencies
define dependencies
$(addprefix $(BIN)/, $(notdir $(1:.cpp=.o))): \
        $(shell $(MPICPP) $(CFLAGS) -MM $(1) | sed 's/^.*\.o:[ ]*//')
endef
$(foreach src, $(SOURCES), $(eval $(call dependencies, $(src))))

似乎是错误：
由于依赖生成步骤，当我删除任何空行，管道输出到 grep ，如下：

define dependencies
$(addprefix $(BIN)/, $(notdir $(1:.cpp=.o))): \
        $(shell $(MPICPP) $(CFLAGS) -MM $(1) | sed 's/^.*\.o:[ ]*//' | \
        grep -v ^$)
endef

错误以某种方式挖掘到一个空的依赖列表;我可以看到列表实际上是空的 echo '在规则％。o：唯一不为空的变量为 $ @ 和 $ * 。

The error somehow digivolves to an empty list of dependencies; I'm able to see the list is actually empty with the echo's in rule %.o: -- the only variables not empty are $@ and $*.

/home/rubens/bin/label.o - [] [] [/ home / rubens / bin / label]

/home/rubens/bin/label.o -- [][][/home/rubens/bin/label]

mpic ++ -std = c ++ 0x -O2 -Wall -fPIC -I / home / rubens / libwatershed / include -I /home/rubens/xerces-c-3.1.1/include -c -o / home / rubens / bin / label.o

mpic++ -std=c++0x -O2 -Wall -fPIC -I /home/rubens/libwatershed/include -I /home/rubens/xerces-c-3.1.1/include -c -o /home/rubens/bin/label.o

mpic ++ -l watershed -L -shared /home/rubens/bin/label.o -o /home/rubens/bin/label.so

mpic++ -l watershed -L -shared /home/rubens/bin/label.o -o /home/rubens/bin/label.so

任何有关更好的解决方法的建议都是非常非常受欢迎的;但是，在我使用 Cmake 或 Scons 之前，我真的想写完这个makefile。 / p>

Any advice on better ways to solve this are very, very welcome; yet, I would really like to finish writing this makefile, before I get to use something like Cmake or Scons.

推荐答案

-MM已经生成了对makefile格式的依赖，所以你可以通过生成每个.cpp的依赖关系同样的文件，然后只是做一个-include $（DEPS_FILE）。这可能比使用eval更易于维护。

-MM will already generate the dependencies on a makefile format so you could simplify this by generating the dependencies for each .cpp into a same file, then just doing an "-include $(DEPS_FILE)". That's probably more maintainable than using eval.

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