麻烦声明命名空间的工作 [英] trouble getting declared namespaces to work

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问题描述

我试图获得用外部css编写的命名空间（实际上是两个单独的文件）。当我在浏览器上运行该文件时，它不会使用声明的名称空间。我认为这个文件正在调用css文件，但它没有应用命名空间风格。


$ b

HTML 

 <！DOCTYPE html PUBLIC -  // W3C // DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional // EN
http://www.w3.org/ TR / XHTML1 / DTD / XHTML1-transitional.dtd> 
<？xml version =1.0encoding =utf-8？> 
 
 
  xmlns：mov =http://www.superstarmovies.com /电影
 xmlns =http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml> 
 
< head> 
< meta http-equiv =Content-Typecontent =application / xhtml + xml; charset = utf-8/> 
< title>超级明星电影：本月之星< / title> 
< link rel =stylesheethref =movies.csstype =text / css？> 
< link rel =stylesheethref =actors.csstype =text / css？> 
< link rel =stylesheethref =superstar.csstype =text / css/> 
< / head> 
 
< body> 
< div id =heading>< img src =logo.gifalt =Superstar Movies/>< / div> 
 
< div id =main> 
< h1>本月之星< / h1> 
< h3>由我们的精选明星制作的电影！< / h3> 
< act：actors> 
 
< act：actor> 
< act：name> Halle Berry< / act：name> 
< act：date> 1966年8月14日< / act：date> 
< act：出生地>克利夫兰，俄亥俄州< / act：birthplace> 
< mov：movie genre =actionstar =Halle Berry> 
< mov：name>猫女< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2004）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 104分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =horrorstar =Halle Berry> 
< mov：name> Gothika< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2003）< / mov：date> 
< mov：长度> 98分钟< / mov：长度> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =dramastar =Halle Berry> 
< mov：name> Monster& Ball< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2001）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 111分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =fantasystar =Halle Berry> 
< mov：name> X-Men< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2000）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 104分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =romancestar =Halle Berry> 
< mov：name>丛林发烧< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1991）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 132分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
< / act：actor> 
 
< act：actor> 
< act：name> Tom Hanks< / act：name> 
< act：date> 1956年7月9日< / act：date> 
 &Concord，California< / act：birthplace> 
 
< mov：movie genre =dramastar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name>如果您可以，赶上我< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2002）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 141分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =adventurestar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name>抛出< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（2000）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 143分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =actionstar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name>储存私人瑞恩< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1998）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 170分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =adventurestar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name> Apollo 13< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1995）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 140分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =comedystar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name> Forrest Gump< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1994）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 142分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =dramastar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name>费城< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1993）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 125分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
 
< mov：movie genre =comedystar =Tom Hanks> 
< mov：name> Big< / mov：name> 
< mov：date>（1988）< / mov：date> 
< mov：length> 104分钟< / mov：length> 
< / mov：movie> 
< / act：actor> 
 
< / act：actors> 
< / div> 
 
<地址> 
 Superstar Movies&＃183; 123 Moviestar Lane&＃183;好莱坞，佛罗里达州12345 
< / address> 
 
< / body> 
 
< / html>

CSS
< pre class =lang-css prettyprint-override> @namespace acthttp://www.superstarmovies.com/actors;

act | actor {display：block; font-family：Arial，Helvetica，sans-serif;
margin-bottom：20pt}

act | name，act | date {display：block}

act | name {font-size：14pt;颜色：DarkRed; font-style：bold}

act | date，act | birthplace {display：inline; font-style：italic; color：DarkRed}

act | birthplace {padding-left：0.5em}

@namespace movhttp://www.superstarmovies.com/movies;

mov | movie {display：block; font-family：Arial，Helvetica，sans-serif}

mov | name，mov |日期，mov |长度{display：inline}
$ b $ mov | name {font-风格：粗体;颜色：＃003;}

mov | length {font-style：italics;填充左边：0.5em}

想法？


  1. 您的标记格式不正确：>解决方案




  • 您的XML声明应该先出现，然后是您的文档类型声明： 

     <？xml version =1.0encoding =utf-8？> 
    <！DOCTYPE html PUBLIC -  // W3C // DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional // EN
    http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional。 DTD>


  • 您的一些< link /> 标签没有正确关闭，它们应该是： 

     < link rel =stylesheethref = movies.csstype =text / css/> 
    < link rel =stylesheethref =actors.csstype =text / css/>



  • application / xhtml + xml 服务器。典型的服务器不知道你在为XHTML服务，所以他们将它们作为 text / html 来发送。浏览器将无法将 text / html 文件视为XML，因此它们不会将CSS应用于您的自定义XML元素。



    如果您使用PHP，只需将它添加到XHTML文件的顶部即可：


    $ b 

     <？php header（'Content-Type：application / xhtml + xml'）; ？>

    或者在ASP中添加： 

     <％Response.ContentType =application / xhtml + xml; ％GT;

    您还应该有一个伴随的元标记，但您的页面无需验证，浏览器无论如何忽略它： 

     < meta http-equiv =Content-Typecontent =application / xhtml + xml; charset = utf-8/>

    您可以在UA上将XHTML视为HTML标签汤， https://stackoverflow.com/a/8871965/106224\">这个答案，以更好地理解这一点。


    • 在您的CSS中： $ b


    1. font-weight：bold ，而不是 font-style：bold 。

      font-style ：斜体，而不是 font-style：italics 。

      确保您的 @namespace 语句放置在样式表的开头。从规范：


      任何 @namespace 规则都必须遵循所有@charset和@import规则，并且在所有其他不被忽略的规则和规则集之前在样式表中。







    但是，尽管如此，为什么不把演员和电影放入自己的XML文件中，然后使用XSLT将它们转换为熟悉的实际的XHTML ？

    ？

    I am trying to get namespaces written in an external css (two separate files actually). When I run the file on my browser it will not use the declared namespaces. I think that the file is calling the css file but its not applying the namespaced style

    HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>


<html xmlns:act="http://www.superstarmovies.com/actors" 
  xmlns:mov="http://www.superstarmovies.com/movies"
  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Superstar Movies: Stars of the Month</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="movies.css"  type="text/css" ?>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="actors.css" type="text/css" ?>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="superstar.css" type="text/css" />
</head>

<body>
<div id="heading"><img src="logo.gif" alt="Superstar Movies" /></div>

<div id="main">
<h1>Stars of the Month</h1>
<h3>Movies by Our Featured Stars!</h3>
<act:actors>

    <act:actor>
        <act:name>Halle Berry</act:name>
    <act:date>August 14, 1966</act:date>
    <act:birthplace>Cleveland, Ohio</act:birthplace>
          <mov:movie genre="action" star="Halle Berry">
        <mov:name>Catwoman</mov:name>
    <mov:date>(2004)</mov:date>
    <mov:length>104 minutes</mov:length>
    </mov:movie>

    <mov:movie genre="horror" star="Halle Berry">
        <mov:name>Gothika</mov:name>
    <mov:date>(2003)</mov:date>
    <mov:length>98 minutes</mov:length>
    </mov:movie>

    <mov:movie genre="drama" star="Halle Berry">
        <mov:name>Monster&apos;s Ball</mov:name>
    <mov:date>(2001)</mov:date>
    <mov:length>111 minutes</mov:length>
    </mov:movie>

    <mov:movie genre="fantasy" star="Halle Berry">
        <mov:name>X-Men</mov:name>
    <mov:date>(2000)</mov:date>
    <mov:length>104 minutes</mov:length>
    </mov:movie>

    <mov:movie genre="romance" star="Halle Berry">
        <mov:name>Jungle Fever</mov:name>
    <mov:date>(1991)</mov:date>
    <mov:length>132 minutes</mov:length>
    </mov:movie>
    </act:actor>

    <act:actor>
    <act:name>Tom Hanks</act:name>
    <act:date>July 9, 1956</act:date>
    <act:birthplace>Concord, California</act:birthplace>

<mov:movie genre="drama" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Catch Me If You Can</mov:name>
<mov:date>(2002)</mov:date>
<mov:length>141 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="adventure" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Cast Away</mov:name>
<mov:date>(2000)</mov:date>
<mov:length>143 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="action" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Saving Private Ryan</mov:name>
<mov:date>(1998)</mov:date>
<mov:length>170 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="adventure" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Apollo 13</mov:name>
<mov:date>(1995)</mov:date>
<mov:length>140 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="comedy" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Forrest Gump</mov:name>
<mov:date>(1994)</mov:date>
<mov:length>142 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="drama" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Philadelphia</mov:name>
<mov:date>(1993)</mov:date>
<mov:length>125 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>

<mov:movie genre="comedy" star="Tom Hanks">
    <mov:name>Big</mov:name>
<mov:date>(1988)</mov:date>
<mov:length>104 minutes</mov:length>
</mov:movie>
    </act:actor>

</act:actors>
</div>

 <address>
Superstar Movies &#183; 123 Moviestar Lane &#183; Hollywood, FL 12345
</address>

</body>

</html>

    CSS

     @namespace act "http://www.superstarmovies.com/actors";

act|actor        {display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
          margin-bottom: 20pt}

act|name, act|date   {display: block}

act|name         {font-size: 14pt; color: DarkRed; font-style: bold}

act|date, act|birthplace   {display: inline; font-style: italic; color: DarkRed}

act|birthplace         {padding-left: 0.5em}

@namespace mov "http://www.superstarmovies.com/movies";

mov|movie        {display:block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}

mov|name, mov|date, mov|length  {display: inline}

mov|name         {font-style: bold; color:#003;}

mov|length       {font-style: italics; padding-left: 0.5em}

    Thoughts?

    解决方案

    In your XHTML:

    1. Your markup is not well-formed:

      • Your XML declaration should come first, then your doctype declaration:

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

      • Some of your <link /> tags aren't closed properly, they should be:

        <link rel="stylesheet" href="movies.css"  type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="actors.css" type="text/css" />

    2. Your page must be served as application/xhtml+xml by the server. Typical servers don't know that you're serving XHTML, so they send them as text/html instead. Browsers won't be able to treat text/html files as XML, so they won't apply CSS to your custom XML elements.

      If you work with PHP, it's simply a matter of adding this to the very top of your XHTML file:

      <?php header('Content-Type: application/xhtml+xml'); ?>

      Or in ASP, add this:

      <% Response.ContentType = "application/xhtml+xml"; %>

      You should also have an accompanying meta tag, but it's not necessary for your page to validate, and browsers ignore it anyway:

      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" />

      You can find a short history lesson on UAs treating XHTML as HTML tag soup in this answer to better understand this.

    In your CSS:

    1. It's font-weight: bold, not font-style: bold.

    2. It's font-style: italic, not font-style: italics.

    3. Make sure that your @namespace statements are placed at the beginning of your stylesheets. From the spec:

      Any @namespace rules must follow all @charset and @import rules and precede all other non-ignored at-rules and rule sets in a style sheet.

    But with all that said, why aren't you placing your actors and movies into their own XML files, then transforming them using XSLT into familiar, actual XHTML?

    这篇关于麻烦声明命名空间的工作的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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