以下是用于播放目录的标准函数.
opendir DIRHANDLE, EXPR # To open a directory readdir DIRHANDLE # To read a directory rewinddir DIRHANDLE # Positioning pointer to the begining telldir DIRHANDLE # Returns current position of the dir seekdir DIRHANDLE, POS # Pointing pointer to POS inside dir closedir DIRHANDLE # Closing a directory.
有多种方法可以列出特定目录中的所有可用文件.首先让我们使用简单的方法来获取和列出所有文件,使用 glob 运算符 :
#!/usr/bin/perl # Display all the files in /tmp directory. $dir = "/tmp/*"; my @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "\n"; } # Display all the C source files in /tmp directory. $dir = "/tmp/*.c"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "\n"; } # Display all the hidden files. $dir = "/tmp/.*"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "\n"; } # Display all the files from /tmp and /home directories. $dir = "/tmp/* /home/*"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "\n"; }
这是另一个例子,它打开一个目录并列出该目录中可用的所有文件.
#!/usr/bin/perl opendir (DIR, '.') or die "Couldn't open directory, $!"; while ($file = readdir DIR) { print "$file\n"; } closedir DIR;
打印可能使用的C源文件列表的另一个例子是 :
#!/usr/bin/perl opendir(DIR, '.') or die "Couldn't open directory, $!"; foreach (sort grep(/^.*\.c$/,readdir(DIR))) { print "$_\n"; } closedir DIR;
您可以使用 mkdir 功能创建新目录.您需要拥有创建目录所需的权限.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/tmp/perl"; # This creates perl directory in /tmp directory. mkdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn't create $dir directory, $!"; print "Directory created successfully\n";
您可以使用 rmdir 功能删除目录.您需要具有删除目录所需的权限.此外,在您尝试删除目录之前,此目录应为空.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/tmp/perl"; # This removes perl directory from /tmp directory. rmdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn't remove $dir directory, $!"; print "Directory removed successfully\n";
您可以使用 chdir 功能更改目录并转到到一个新的位置.您需要拥有更改目录所需的权限并进入新目录.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/home"; # This changes perl directory and moves you inside /home directory. chdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn't go inside $dir directory, $!"; print "Your new location is $dir\n";