Spring Boot教程

Spring Boot - Flyway数据库

Flyway是一个版本控制应用程序，可以在所有实例中轻松可靠地发展数据库架构.要了解有关Flyway的更多信息，您可以使用链接 : www.flywaydb.org

许多软件项目都使用关系数据库.这需要处理数据库迁移，通常也称为模式迁移.

在本章中，您将详细了解如何在Spring Boot应用程序中配置Flyway数据库.

配置Flyway数据库

首先，从Spring Initializer页面下载Spring Boot项目 www.start.spring.io 并选择以下依赖项 :

Spring Boot Starter Web
Flyway
MySQL
JDBC

Maven用户可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖项.

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
   <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

Gradle用户可以在build.gradle文件中添加以下依赖项.

compile('org.flywaydb:flyway-core')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
compile('mysql:mysql-connector-java')

在应用程序属性中，我们需要配置用于创建数据源的数据库属性以及我们需要在应用程序属性中配置的flyway属性.

对于属性文件用户，请在application.properties文件中添加以下属性.

spring.application.name = flywayapp  

spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/USERSERVICE?autoreconnect=true
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.testOnBorrow = true
spring.datasource.testWhileIdle = true
spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = 60000
spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis = 30000
spring.datasource.validationQuery = SELECT 1
spring.datasource.max-active = 15
spring.datasource.max-idle = 10
spring.datasource.max-wait = 8000

flyway.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
flyway.schemas = USERSERVICE
flyway.user = root
flyway.password = root

YAML用户可以在application.yml文件中添加以下属性.

spring:
   application:
      name: flywayapp  
   datasource: 
      driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      url: "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/USERSERVICE?autoreconnect=true"
      password: "root"
      username: "root"
      testOnBorrow: true
      testWhileIdle: true
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 30000
      validationQuery: SELECT 1
      max-active: 15
      max-idle: 10
      max-wait: 8000
flyway:
   url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
   schemas: USERSERVICE
   user: "root"
   password: "root"

现在，在 src/main/resources/db/migration 目录下创建一个SQL文件.将SQL文件命名为"V1__Initial.sql"

CREATE TABLE USERS (ID INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, USERID VARCHAR(45));
INSERT INTO USERS (ID, USERID) VALUES (1, 'it1352.com');

主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件代码在下面和下面给出;

package com.it1352.flywayapp; 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class FlywayappApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(FlywayappApplication.class, args);
   }
}

完整的构建配置文件如下:

Maven - pom.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.it1352</groupId>
   <artifactId>flywayapp</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>flywayapp</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
         <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>mysql</groupId>
         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
   
</project>

Gradle - build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group = 'com.it1352'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.flywaydb:flyway-core')
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc')
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   compile('mysql:mysql-connector-java')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件，并使用下面给出的Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序;

对于Maven，您可以使用此处显示的命令 :