国际化是一个使您的应用程序适应不同语言和区域而无需对源代码进行工程更改的过程.换句话说,国际化是本地化的准备.
在本章中,我们将详细了解如何在Spring Boot中实现国际化.
我们需要Spring Boot Starter Web和Spring Boot Starter Thymeleaf依赖项来在Spring Boot中开发Web应用程序.
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'
我们需要确定应用程序的默认语言环境.我们需要在Spring Boot应用程序中添加LocaleResolver bean.
@Bean public LocaleResolver localeResolver() { SessionLocaleResolver sessionLocaleResolver = new SessionLocaleResolver(); sessionLocaleResolver.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US); return sessionLocaleResolver; }
LocaleChangeInterceptor用于根据的值更改新的Locale语言参数添加到请求.
@Bean public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() { LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor = new LocaleChangeInterceptor(); localeChangeInterceptor.setParamName("language"); return localeChangeInterceptor; }
为了起到这个作用,我们需要将LocaleChangeInterceptor添加到应用程序的注册表拦截器中.配置类应该扩展WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类并覆盖addInterceptors()方法.
@Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor()); }
默认情况下,Spring Boot应用程序从 src获取消息源类路径下的/main/resources 文件夹.缺省语言环境消息文件名应为 message.properties ,每个语言环境的文件应命名为 messages_XX.properties . "XX"表示区域设置代码.
所有消息属性都应用作密钥对值.如果在语言环境中找不到任何属性,则应用程序将使用messages.properties文件中的默认属性.
默认的messages.properties将如下所示 :
welcome.text=Hi Welcome to Everyone
法语message_fr.properties将为显示 :
welcome.text=Salut Bienvenue à tous
注意 : 消息源文件应保存为"UTF-8"文件格式.
在HTML文件中,使用语法 #{key} 显示属性文件中的消息.
<h1 th:text = "#{welcome.text}"></h1>
完整代码如下:
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.IT屋</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>demo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version> <relativePath /> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
buildscript { ext { springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE' } repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}") } } apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'eclipse' apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot' group = 'com.it1352' version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf' testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') }
给出了主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件低于 :
package com.it1352.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
控制器类文件低于 :
package com.it1352.demo.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class ViewController { @RequestMapping("/locale") public String locale() { return "locale"; } }
支持国际化的配置类
package com.it1352.demo; import java.util.Locale; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver; @Configuration public class Internationalization extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public LocaleResolver localeResolver() { SessionLocaleResolver sessionLocaleResolver = new SessionLocaleResolver(); sessionLocaleResolver.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US); return sessionLocaleResolver; } @Bean public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() { LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor = new LocaleChangeInterceptor(); localeChangeInterceptor.setParamName("language"); return localeChangeInterceptor; } @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor()); } }
消息来源 - messages.properties如下所示 :
welcome.text = Hi Welcome to Everyone
消息来源 - message_fr.properties如下所示 :
welcome.text = Salut Bienvenue à tous
HTML文件区域设置.html应该放在类路径的templates目录下,如图所示 :
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset = "ISO-8859-1"/> <title>Internationalization</title> </head> <body> <h1 th:text = "#{welcome.text}"></h1> </body> </html>
您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件,并使用以下Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring启动应用程序 :
对于Maven,请使用以下命令 :
mvn clean install
在"BUILD SUCCESS"之后,您可以在目标目录下找到JAR文件.
对于Gradle,请使用以下命令 :
gradle clean build
在"BUILD SUCCESSFUL"之后,你可以在build/libs下找到JAR文件目录.
现在,使用如下所示的命令运行JAR文件 :
java - jar <JARFILE>
您会发现该应用程序已在Tomcat端口8080上启动.
现在在Web浏览器中点击URL http://localhost:8080/locale 你可以看到以下输出 :
URL http://localhost:8080/locale?language = fr 将为您提供输出,如下所示 :