有时,您可能需要以特定顺序调用测试用例中的方法,或者您可能希望在方法之间共享一些数据和状态. TestNG支持这种依赖,因为它支持在测试方法之间声明显式依赖.
TestNG允许您使用 :
指定依赖关系
在@Test注释中使用属性 dependsOnMethods ,或.
在@Test注释中使用属性 dependsOnGroups .
在中创建一个要测试的java类,比如 MessageUtil.java C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE .
public class MessageUtil { private String message; // Constructor // @param message to be printed public MessageUtil(String message) { this.message = message; } // prints the message public String printMessage() { System.out.println(message); return message; } // add "Hi!" to the message public String salutationMessage() { message = "Hi!" + message; System.out.println(message); return message; } }
创建一个java测试类,比如DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java.
添加测试方法,testPrintMessage()和testSalutationMessage(),和initEnvironmentTest(),到您的测试类.
将属性 dependsOnMethods = {"initEnvironmentTest"} 添加到@Test注释 testSalutationMessage()方法.
创建java类文件名 DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java 在 C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE .
import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class DependencyTestUsingAnnotation { String message = "Manisha"; MessageUtil messageUtil = new MessageUtil(message); @Test public void testPrintMessage() { System.out.println("Inside testPrintMessage()"); message = "Manisha"; Assert.assertEquals(message, messageUtil.printMessage()); } @Test(dependsOnMethods = { "initEnvironmentTest" }) public void testSalutationMessage() { System.out.println("Inside testSalutationMessage()"); message = "Hi!" + "Manisha"; Assert.assertEquals(message, messageUtil.salutationMessage()); } @Test public void initEnvironmentTest() { System.out.println("This is initEnvironmentTest"); } }
在C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE中创建testng.xml以执行测试用例。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://img01.yuandaxia.cn/Content/img/tutorials/testng/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name = "Suite1"> <test name = "test1"> <classes> <class name = "DependencyTestUsingAnnotation" /> </classes> </test> </suite>
使用javac编译MessageUtil,测试用例类.
C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE>javac MessageUtil.java DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java
现在,运行testng.xml,它将在执行后运行testSalutationMessage()方法initEnvironmentTest()方法.
C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE>java -cp "C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE" org.testng.TestNG testng.xml
验证输出.
This is initEnvironmentTest Inside testPrintMessage() Manisha Inside testSalutationMessage() Hi!Manisha =============================================== Suite1 Total tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 ===============================================
您还可以拥有依赖于的方法Ë顽皮团体.让我们举个例子来证明这一点.
创建一个要测试的java类,比如说, MessageUtil.java 在 C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE .
public class MessageUtil { private String message; // Constructor // @param message to be printed public MessageUtil(String message) { this.message = message; } // prints the message public String printMessage() { System.out.println(message); return message; } // add "Hi!" to the message public String salutationMessage() { message = "Hi!" + message; System.out.println(message); return message; } }
创建一个java测试类,比如DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java.
添加测试方法,testPrintMessage()testSalutationMessage()和initEnvironmentTest()到您的测试类,并将它们添加到组"init".
添加属性 dependsOnMethods = {"init.*" } 到 testSalutationMessage()方法的@Test注释.
创建一个java类 C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE 中名为 DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java 的文件.
import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class DependencyTestUsingAnnotation { String message = "Manisha"; MessageUtil messageUtil = new MessageUtil(message); @Test(groups = { "init" }) public void testPrintMessage() { System.out.println("Inside testPrintMessage()"); message = "Manisha"; Assert.assertEquals(message, messageUtil.printMessage()); } @Test(dependsOnGroups = { "init.*" }) public void testSalutationMessage() { System.out.println("Inside testSalutationMessage()"); message = "Hi!" + "Manisha"; Assert.assertEquals(message, messageUtil.salutationMessage()); } @Test(groups = { "init" }) public void initEnvironmentTest() { System.out.println("This is initEnvironmentTest"); } }
在此示例中,testSalutationMessage()声明为依赖于任何组,与正则表达式"init"匹配. *",它保证在testSalutationMessage()之前始终调用方法testPrintMessage()和initEnvironmentTest().
如果依赖的方法失败,并且您对它有很强的依赖性(alwaysRun = false,这是默认值),依赖它的方法不标记为FAIL而是标记为SKIP.跳过的方法将在最终报告中报告(在HTML中既不是红色也不是绿色),这很重要,因为跳过的方法不一定是失败.
在 C:\> TestNG_WORKSPACE 中创建testng.xml以执行测试用例.
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://img01.yuandaxia.cn/Content/img/tutorials/testng/testng-1.0.dtd" > <suite name = "Suite1"> <test name = "test1"> <classes> <class name = "DependencyTestUsingAnnotation" /> </classes> </test> </suite>
使用javac编译MessageUtil,测试用例类.
C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE>javac MessageUtil.java DependencyTestUsingAnnotation.java
现在,运行testng.xml,它将运行 testSalutationMessage()方法仅在执行 initEnvironmentTest()方法之后.
C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE>java -cp "C:\TestNG_WORKSPACE" org.testng.TestNG testng.xml
验证输出.
This is initEnvironmentTest Inside testPrintMessage() Manisha Inside testSalutationMessage() Hi!Manisha =============================================== Suite1 Total tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0 ===============================================
在使用组时,我们不再受到重构问题的影响.只要我们不修改dependsOnGroups或groups属性,我们的测试就会继续运行并设置正确的依赖项.
每当新方法需要时要添加到依赖关系图中,我们需要做的就是将它放在正确的组中,并确保它依赖于正确的组.我们不需要修改任何其他方法.