假设我们有以下示例XML文件students.xml,需要将其转换为格式良好的HTML文档.
students.xml
<?xml version = "1.0"?> <class> <student rollno = "393"> <firstname>Dinkar</firstname> <lastname>Kad</lastname> <nickname>Dinkar</nickname> <marks>85</marks> </student> <student rollno = "493"> <firstname>Vaneet</firstname> <lastname>Gupta</lastname> <nickname>Vinni</nickname> <marks>95</marks> </student> <student rollno = "593"> <firstname>Jasvir</firstname> <lastname>Singh</lastname> <nickname>Jazz</nickname> <marks>90</marks> </student> </class>
我们需要为上述XML文档定义一个XSLT样式表文档,以满足以下条件 :
页面的标题应为学生.
页面应该有学生详细信息表.
列应包含以下标题:卷号,名字,姓氏,昵称,标记
表格必须包含相应学生的详细信息.
创建一个XSLT文档以满足上述要求,将其命名为students.xsl并将其保存在students.xml所在的位置.
students.xsl
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <!-- xsl stylesheet declaration with xsl namespace: Namespace tells the xlst processor about which element is to be processed and which is used for output purpose only --> <xsl:stylesheet version = "1.0" xmlns:xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <!-- xsl template declaration: template tells the xlst processor about the section of xml document which is to be formatted. It takes an XPath expression. In our case, it is matching document root element and will tell processor to process the entire document with this template. --> <xsl:template match = "/"> <!-- HTML tags Used for formatting purpose. Processor will skip them and browser will simply render them. --> <html> <body> <h2>Students</h2> <table border = "1"> <tr bgcolor = "#9acd32"> <th>Roll No</th> <th>First Name</th> <th>Last Name</th> <th>Nick Name</th> <th>Marks</th> </tr> <!-- for-each processing instruction Looks for each element matching the XPath expression --> <xsl:for-each select="class/student"> <tr> <td> <!-- value-of processing instruction process the value of the element matching the XPath expression --> <xsl:value-of select = "@rollno"/> </td> <td><xsl:value-of select = "firstname"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select = "lastname"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select = "nickname"/></td> <td><xsl:value-of select = "marks"/></td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
使用以下xml更新student.xml文档 - 样式表标签.将href值设置为students.xsl
<?xml version = "1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "students.xsl"?> <class> ... </class>
students.xml
<?xml version = "1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "students.xsl"?> <class> <student rollno = "393"> <firstname>Dinkar</firstname> <lastname>Kad</lastname> <nickname>Dinkar</nickname> <marks>85</marks> </student> <student rollno = "493"> <firstname>Vaneet</firstname> <lastname>Gupta</lastname> <nickname>Vinni</nickname> <marks>95</marks> </student> <student rollno = "593"> <firstname>Jasvir</firstname> <lastname>Singh</lastname> <nickname>Jazz</nickname> <marks>90</marks> </student> </class>