如何在macOS终端中批量重命名文件? [英] How to Batch Rename Files in a macOS Terminal?

问题描述

我有一个包含一系列文件的文件夹:

I have a folder with a series of files named:

prefix_1234_567.png
prefix_abcd_efg.png

我想批量删除一个下划线和中间内容，以便输出为:

I'd like to batch remove one underscore and the middle content so the output would be:

prefix_567.png
prefix_efg.png

相关但不完全是解释性的:

Relevant but not completely explanatory:

• 如何使用终端机批量重命名文件?
• 用于在OS X终端中批量重命名文件的正则表达式

• How can I batch rename files using the Terminal?
• Regex to batch rename files in OS X Terminal

推荐答案

在您的特定情况下，您可以使用以下bash命令(bash是macOS上的默认shell):

In your specific case you can use the following bash command (bash is the default shell on macOS):

for f in *.png; do echo mv "$f" "${f/_*_/_}"; done

^{注意:如果您的文件名有可能以-开头，请将--放在它们之前[1]:
mv -- "$f" "${f/_*_/_}"}

^{Note: If there's a chance that your filenames start with -, place -- before them[1]:
mv -- "$f" "${f/_*_/_}"}

注意:echo放在mv之前，以执行空运行.删除它以执行实际的重命名.

Note: echo is prepended to mv so as to perform a dry run. Remove it to perform actual renaming.

您可以从命令行运行它，也可以在脚本中使用它.

You can run it from the command line or use it in a script.

• "${f/_*_/_}"是bash的应用程序参数扩展:将(第一个)子字符串匹配模式_*_替换为文字_，有效地从名称中删除了中间标记.
• 请注意，_*_是 pattern (通配符表达式，也用于通配符)，而不是正则表达式(要了解模式，请运行，然后搜索Pattern Matching).

• "${f/_*_/_}" is an application of bash parameter expansion: the (first) substring matching pattern _*_ is replaced with literal _, effectively cutting the middle token from the name.
• Note that _*_ is a pattern (a wildcard expression, as also used for globbing), not a regular expression (to learn about patterns, run man bash and search for Pattern Matching).

如果您经常发现自己进行批量重命名文件，请考虑安装专门的工具，例如基于Perl的 rename实用程序 . 在macOS上，您可以使用流行的软件包管理器 Homebrew 进行安装，如下所示:

If you find yourself batch-renaming files frequently, consider installing a specialized tool such as the Perl-based rename utility. On macOS you can install it using popular package manager Homebrew as follows:

brew install rename

这等效于使用rename的顶部命令:

Here's the equivalent of the command at the top using rename:

rename -n -e 's/_.*_/_/'  *.png

同样，此命令执行空运行；删除-n进行实际的重命名.

Again, this command performs a dry run; remove -n to perform actual renaming.

• 类似于bash解决方案，s/.../.../执行文本替换，但-与bash不同-使用真正的正则表达式.

• Similar to the bash solution, s/.../.../ performs text substitution, but - unlike in bash - true regular expressions are used.

^{[1]大多数实用程序都支持特殊参数--的目的是表示应将后续参数视为操作数(值)，即使它们 look 类似于 options ，因为它以-开头，如 Jacob C 注释.}

^{[1] The purpose of special argument --, which is supported by most utilities, is to signal that subsequent arguments should be treated as operands (values), even if they look like options due to starting with -, as Jacob C. notes.}

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