在OS X上/usr/bin/python与/opt/local/bin/python2.7 [英] /usr/bin/python vs /opt/local/bin/python2.7 on OS X

问题描述

您能否阐明OS X随附的Python解释器与可以通过MacPorts安装的Python解释器之间的交互?

Can you shed some light on the interaction between the Python interpreter distributed with OS X and the one that can be installed through MacPorts?

在安装networkx和matplotlib时，我很难与/usr/bin/python和/opt/local/bin/python2.7进行交互. (后者本身是指向/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7的软指针)

While installing networkx and matplotlib I am having difficulties with the interaction of /usr/bin/python and /opt/local/bin/python2.7. (The latter is itself a soft pointer to /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7)

如何确定我一次使用的是哪个Python，pip和Python库?

How can I be certain which Python, pip, and Python libraries I am using at any one time?

更重要的是，似乎无法在Lion上安装matplotlib. Requires numpy 1.6 or later to build. (Found 1.5.1)失败.如果我通过运行sudo pip install --upgrade numpy进行升级，则无济于事.随后尝试安装matplotlib(sudo /usr/local/bin/pip install matplotlib)仍然失败，并显示相同的(Requires numpy 1.6...)消息.如何安装matplotlib?

More importantly, it appears that installing matplotlib is not possible on Lion. It fails with Requires numpy 1.6 or later to build. (Found 1.5.1). If I upgrade by running sudo pip install --upgrade numpy, it does not help. Subsequently attempting to install matplotlib (sudo /usr/local/bin/pip install matplotlib) still fails with the same (Requires numpy 1.6...) message. How can I install matplotlib?

推荐答案

关于Python的注意事项

• 如果脚本foobar.py以#!/usr/bin/env python开头，那么您将始终获得OS X Python.即使MacPorts在路径中将/opt/local/bin放在/usr/bin之前，情况仍是如此.原因是MacPorts使用名称python2.7.如果要使用env但仍使用MacPorts Python，则必须编写#!/usr/bin/env python2.7.
• 如果脚本foobar.py以#!/usr/bin/python或#!/opt/local/bin/python2.7显式启动，则将使用相应的Python解释器.

• If a script foobar.py starts with #!/usr/bin/env python, then you will always get the OS X Python. That's the case even though MacPorts puts /opt/local/bin ahead of /usr/bin in your path. The reason is that MacPorts uses the name python2.7. If you want to use env and yet use MacPorts Python, you have to write #!/usr/bin/env python2.7.
• If a script foobar.py starts explicitly with #!/usr/bin/python or with #!/opt/local/bin/python2.7, then the corresponding Python interpreter will be used.

关于点子的注意事项

• 要为/usr/bin/python安装pip，您需要运行sudo /usr/bin/easy_install pip.然后，您呼叫pip(/usr/bin/pip中的easy_install不会安装，而在/usr/local/bin/pip中的安装)
• 要为/opt/local/bin/python2.7安装pip，您需要运行sudo port install py27-pip.然后，您将呼叫pip-2.7.您将在/opt/local/bin中获得点子. 请注意，因为如果键入pip2.7，您将得到/usr/local/bin/pip2.7(OS X点).

• To install pip for /usr/bin/python, you need to run sudo /usr/bin/easy_install pip. You then call pip (which will not be installed by easy_install in /usr/bin/pip, but rather in /usr/local/bin/pip)
• To install pip for /opt/local/bin/python2.7, you need to run sudo port install py27-pip. You would then call pip-2.7. You will get the pip in /opt/local/bin. Be careful, because if you type pip2.7 you will get /usr/local/bin/pip2.7 (the OS X pip).

安装networkx和matplotlib

Installing networkx and matplotlib

• 要为OS X Python安装networkx，请运行sudo /usr/local/bin/pip install networkx.我不知道如何在OS X Lion上安装matplotlib.可能是因为OS X在内部使用它，所以必须坚持numpy 1.5.1.
• 要为MacPorts-Python安装networkx和matplotlib，请调用sudo pip-2.7 install networkx和sudo pip-2.7 install matplotlib. matplotlib会安装很多警告，但可以通过.

• To install networkx for the OS X Python you would run sudo /usr/local/bin/pip install networkx. I don't know how to install matplotlib on OS X Lion. It may be that OS X has to stick to numpy 1.5.1 because it uses it internally.
• To install networkx and matplotlib for MacPorts-Python, call sudo pip-2.7 install networkx and sudo pip-2.7 install matplotlib. matplotlib installs with a lot of warnings, but it passes.

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