将String转换为MD5 [英] convert String to MD5

问题描述

好吧，我试图将字符串的基本转换器编写为md5哈希码，但是当我运行程序时，却不断收到错误消息，提示:

Ok I am trying to write a basic converter of a string to md5 hash code but when I run my program I keep getting an error that say's:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Shane\Documents\Amer CISC\lab4.py", line 30, in <module>
    assertEqual (computeMD5hash("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"),("9e107d9d372bb6826bd81d3542a419d6"))
  File "C:\Users\Shane\Documents\Amer CISC\lab4.py", line 27, in computeMD5hash
    m.update(string)
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing

我的代码如下:

def computeMD5hash(string):
    import hashlib
    from hashlib import md5
    m = hashlib.md5()
    m.update((string))
    md5string=m.digest()
    return md5string

推荐答案

错误提示，您的string必须是unicode，并且必须对其进行编码.查看您所做的呼叫(从堆栈跟踪中):

As the error suggests, your string must be unicode and you have to encode it. Looking at the call you make (from your stack trace):

computeMD5hash("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog")

您似乎必须运行Python 3，其中字符串是unicode对象.要将其编码为可以由hashlib处理的字节表示形式，请更改此

it looks like you must be running Python 3 where strings are unicode objects. To encode to a byte representation which can then be processed by the hashlib, change this

m.update((string))

对此(如果utf-8是适合您使用的编码-这取决于您将如何使用此编码):

to this (if utf-8 is an appropriate encoding for you to use - it depends how you will be using this):

m.update(string.encode('utf-8'))

如果这一切对您来说都是新闻，那么您可能应该阅读优秀的 Python 3 Unicode HOWTO .

If this is all news to you, you should probably read the excellent Python 3 Unicode HOWTO.

此外，当我在这里时，您的代码还有其他一些问题

Also, while I'm here, your code has some other issues

• 一些不必要的位-不需要from hashlib import行或临时md5string.
• 从函数内部导入模块是一种不好的形式，因此import hashlib应移至模块范围.
• 该函数返回 digest() 这是原始二进制文件，并且从堆栈跟踪中看起来就像您期望的

• some unecessary bits - no need for the from hashlib import line or the temporary md5string.
• it's bad form to import modules from within a function, so import hashlib should be moved to module scope.
• the function is returning the digest() which is raw binary, and from your stack trace it looks like you're expecting the hexdigest() instead which is the same thing represented as a hexadecimal string.

要修复和整理所有内容，请尝试以下操作:

To fix and tidy it all up, try this:

import hashlib

def computeMD5hash(my_string):
    m = hashlib.md5()
    m.update(my_string.encode('utf-8'))
    return m.hexdigest()

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