堆栈上的内存泄漏 [英] Memory leak on the stack

问题描述

是否可以通过非常糟糕的设计在C ++中创建内存泄漏而没有堆分配?

Is it possible to create memory leak in C++ without heap allocation, through very bad design ?

我想到的一个例子，如果它不符合我的预期，请纠正我:

One example I had in mind, please correct me if it does not do what I think it does:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

void WhatIsYourName()
{
  std::string name;
  std::cout << "What is your name? ";
  getline (std::cin, name);
  std::cout << "Hello, " << name << "!\n";

  WhatIsYourName();
}

int main()
{
  WhatIsYourName();
}

对我来说，WhatIsYourName()似乎在每次调用时都初始化一个新的std::string name，但是该函数从未真正超出范围，因此从不释放内存. 是对的吗 ?还是编译器足够聪明，以至于将来不会使用该变量，因此它在不超出函数范围的情况下将其删除?

To me it looks like WhatIsYourName() is initializing a new std::string name on every call, but the function never really goes out of scope so the memory is never released. Is that right ? Or is the compiler smart enough to see that the variable will not be used in the future, so it deletes it without the function going out of scope ?

仅使用堆栈分配，还有哪些其他不良设计会造成内存泄漏?

What kind of other bad design would create a memory leak using only stack allocation ?

推荐答案

您有一个不会停止的递归调用(没有退出条件)，因此每次调用函数都会创建一个新的堆栈页面，直到程序由于堆栈溢出而崩溃.编译器无法对其进行优化.

You have a recursive call that doesn't stop (there's no exit condition), so a new stack page is created for every function invocation, until of course the program crashes due to stack overflow. The compiler cannot optimize that away.

关于最后一个问题，是否有可能在没有堆分配的情况下(并且没有这种无限递归的情况)造成内存泄漏，我相信不是，局部变量会自动释放，这就是为什么这种存储持续时间是称为 自动存储期限 .

Regarding your last question, whether is possible to create a memory leak without heap allocation (and without this kind of infinite recursion), I believe it is not, the local variables are automatically released, that's why this type of storage duration is called automatic storage duration.

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