如何检查ip是否在Python网络中? [英] How can I check if an ip is in a network in Python?

问题描述

给出一个IP地址(例如192.168.0.1)，如何在Python中检查它是否在网络中(例如192.168.0.0/24)?

Given an ip address (say 192.168.0.1), how do I check if it's in a network (say 192.168.0.0/24) in Python?

Python中是否有用于IP地址操纵的通用工具?诸如主机查找，将IP地址添加到int，将网络地址与netmask转换为int之类的东西?希望可以在标准Python库中找到2.5.

Are there general tools in Python for ip address manipulation? Stuff like host lookups, ip adddress to int, network address with netmask to int and so on? Hopefully in the standard Python library for 2.5.

推荐答案

本文显示您可以使用 socket 和

This article shows you can do it with socket and struct modules without too much extra effort. I added a little to the article as follows:

import socket,struct

def makeMask(n):
    "return a mask of n bits as a long integer"
    return (2L<<n-1) - 1

def dottedQuadToNum(ip):
    "convert decimal dotted quad string to long integer"
    return struct.unpack('L',socket.inet_aton(ip))[0]

def networkMask(ip,bits):
    "Convert a network address to a long integer" 
    return dottedQuadToNum(ip) & makeMask(bits)

def addressInNetwork(ip,net):
   "Is an address in a network"
   return ip & net == net

address = dottedQuadToNum("192.168.1.1")
networka = networkMask("10.0.0.0",24)
networkb = networkMask("192.168.0.0",24)
print (address,networka,networkb)
print addressInNetwork(address,networka)
print addressInNetwork(address,networkb)

这将输出:

False
True

如果您只想要一个使用字符串的函数，它将看起来像这样:

If you just want a single function that takes strings it would look like this:

import socket,struct

def addressInNetwork(ip,net):
   "Is an address in a network"
   ipaddr = struct.unpack('L',socket.inet_aton(ip))[0]
   netaddr,bits = net.split('/')
   netmask = struct.unpack('L',socket.inet_aton(netaddr))[0] & ((2L<<int(bits)-1) - 1)
   return ipaddr & netmask == netmask

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