替换python中的撇号/简短单词 [英] Replace apostrophe/short words in python

问题描述

我正在使用python清理给定的句子.假设我的句子是:

I am using python to clean a given sentence. Suppose that my sentence is:

What's the best way to ensure this?

我要转换:

What's -> What is

类似地，

 must've -> must have

同样，动词采用原始形式，

Also, verbs to original form,

told -> tell

单数或复数，依此类推.

Singular to plural, and so on.

我目前正在探索textblob.但并非所有上述所有功能都可以使用它.

I am currently exploring textblob. But not all of the above is possible using it.

推荐答案

对于第一个问题，没有一个直接的模块可以为您执行此操作，因此您将必须构建自己的模块，首先需要一个收缩字典像这样一个:

For the first question, there isn't a direct module that does that for you so you will have to build your own, first you will need a contraction dictionary like this one:

contractions = {
"ain't": "am not / are not",
"aren't": "are not / am not",
"can't": "cannot",
"can't've": "cannot have",
"'cause": "because",
"could've": "could have",
"couldn't": "could not",
"couldn't've": "could not have",
"didn't": "did not",
"doesn't": "does not",
"don't": "do not",
"hadn't": "had not",
"hadn't've": "had not have",
"hasn't": "has not",
"haven't": "have not",
"he'd": "he had / he would",
"he'd've": "he would have",
"he'll": "he shall / he will",
"he'll've": "he shall have / he will have",
"he's": "he has / he is",
"how'd": "how did",
"how'd'y": "how do you",
"how'll": "how will",
"how's": "how has / how is",
"i'd": "I had / I would",
"i'd've": "I would have",
"i'll": "I shall / I will",
"i'll've": "I shall have / I will have",
"i'm": "I am",
"i've": "I have",
"isn't": "is not",
"it'd": "it had / it would",
"it'd've": "it would have",
"it'll": "it shall / it will",
"it'll've": "it shall have / it will have",
"it's": "it has / it is",
"let's": "let us",
"ma'am": "madam",
"mayn't": "may not",
"might've": "might have",
"mightn't": "might not",
"mightn't've": "might not have",
"must've": "must have",
"mustn't": "must not",
"mustn't've": "must not have",
"needn't": "need not",
"needn't've": "need not have",
"o'clock": "of the clock",
"oughtn't": "ought not",
"oughtn't've": "ought not have",
"shan't": "shall not",
"sha'n't": "shall not",
"shan't've": "shall not have",
"she'd": "she had / she would",
"she'd've": "she would have",
"she'll": "she shall / she will",
"she'll've": "she shall have / she will have",
"she's": "she has / she is",
"should've": "should have",
"shouldn't": "should not",
"shouldn't've": "should not have",
"so've": "so have",
"so's": "so as / so is",
"that'd": "that would / that had",
"that'd've": "that would have",
"that's": "that has / that is",
"there'd": "there had / there would",
"there'd've": "there would have",
"there's": "there has / there is",
"they'd": "they had / they would",
"they'd've": "they would have",
"they'll": "they shall / they will",
"they'll've": "they shall have / they will have",
"they're": "they are",
"they've": "they have",
"to've": "to have",
"wasn't": "was not",
"we'd": "we had / we would",
"we'd've": "we would have",
"we'll": "we will",
"we'll've": "we will have",
"we're": "we are",
"we've": "we have",
"weren't": "were not",
"what'll": "what shall / what will",
"what'll've": "what shall have / what will have",
"what're": "what are",
"what's": "what has / what is",
"what've": "what have",
"when's": "when has / when is",
"when've": "when have",
"where'd": "where did",
"where's": "where has / where is",
"where've": "where have",
"who'll": "who shall / who will",
"who'll've": "who shall have / who will have",
"who's": "who has / who is",
"who've": "who have",
"why's": "why has / why is",
"why've": "why have",
"will've": "will have",
"won't": "will not",
"won't've": "will not have",
"would've": "would have",
"wouldn't": "would not",
"wouldn't've": "would not have",
"y'all": "you all",
"y'all'd": "you all would",
"y'all'd've": "you all would have",
"y'all're": "you all are",
"y'all've": "you all have",
"you'd": "you had / you would",
"you'd've": "you would have",
"you'll": "you shall / you will",
"you'll've": "you shall have / you will have",
"you're": "you are",
"you've": "you have"
}

然后编写一些代码以根据字典修改文本，如下所示:

Then write some code to modify your text according to the dictionary, something like this:

text="What's the best way to ensure this?"
for word in text.split():
    if word.lower() in contractions:
        text = text.replace(word, contractions[word.lower()])
print(text)

关于改变动词时态的第二个问题， nodebox的语言学库在此类任务中非常受欢迎，因此强烈建议使用.在下载其zip文件后，将其解压缩并复制到python的站点-软件包目录.完成之后，您可以编写如下内容:

For your second question on changing verb tense, nodebox's linguistics library is very popular and highly recommended for such tasks. After downloading their zip file, unzip it and copy it to python's site-package directory. After doing that, you can write something like this:

import en
for word in text.split():
    if en.is_verb(word.lower()):
        text = text.replace(word, en.verb.present(word.lower()))
print text

注意:该库仅适用于Python 2，因为它尚未提供对python 3的支持.

Note: this library is only for Python 2 since it does not yet offer support for python 3.

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