替换python中的撇号/短词 [英] Replace apostrophe/short words in python

问题描述

我正在使用 python 来清理给定的句子.假设我的句子是:

I am using python to clean a given sentence. Suppose that my sentence is:

What's the best way to ensure this?

我想转换:

What's -> What is

同样，

 must've -> must have

此外，动词原形，

told -> tell

单数到复数等等.

我目前正在探索 textblob.但并非以上所有内容都可以使用它.

I am currently exploring textblob. But not all of the above is possible using it.

推荐答案

对于第一个问题，没有一个直接的模块可以为你做这件事，所以你必须自己构建，首先你需要一个收缩字典像这样:

For the first question, there isn't a direct module that does that for you so you will have to build your own, first you will need a contraction dictionary like this one:

contractions = {
"ain't": "am not / are not",
"aren't": "are not / am not",
"can't": "cannot",
"can't've": "cannot have",
"'cause": "because",
"could've": "could have",
"couldn't": "could not",
"couldn't've": "could not have",
"didn't": "did not",
"doesn't": "does not",
"don't": "do not",
"hadn't": "had not",
"hadn't've": "had not have",
"hasn't": "has not",
"haven't": "have not",
"he'd": "he had / he would",
"he'd've": "he would have",
"he'll": "he shall / he will",
"he'll've": "he shall have / he will have",
"he's": "he has / he is",
"how'd": "how did",
"how'd'y": "how do you",
"how'll": "how will",
"how's": "how has / how is",
"i'd": "I had / I would",
"i'd've": "I would have",
"i'll": "I shall / I will",
"i'll've": "I shall have / I will have",
"i'm": "I am",
"i've": "I have",
"isn't": "is not",
"it'd": "it had / it would",
"it'd've": "it would have",
"it'll": "it shall / it will",
"it'll've": "it shall have / it will have",
"it's": "it has / it is",
"let's": "let us",
"ma'am": "madam",
"mayn't": "may not",
"might've": "might have",
"mightn't": "might not",
"mightn't've": "might not have",
"must've": "must have",
"mustn't": "must not",
"mustn't've": "must not have",
"needn't": "need not",
"needn't've": "need not have",
"o'clock": "of the clock",
"oughtn't": "ought not",
"oughtn't've": "ought not have",
"shan't": "shall not",
"sha'n't": "shall not",
"shan't've": "shall not have",
"she'd": "she had / she would",
"she'd've": "she would have",
"she'll": "she shall / she will",
"she'll've": "she shall have / she will have",
"she's": "she has / she is",
"should've": "should have",
"shouldn't": "should not",
"shouldn't've": "should not have",
"so've": "so have",
"so's": "so as / so is",
"that'd": "that would / that had",
"that'd've": "that would have",
"that's": "that has / that is",
"there'd": "there had / there would",
"there'd've": "there would have",
"there's": "there has / there is",
"they'd": "they had / they would",
"they'd've": "they would have",
"they'll": "they shall / they will",
"they'll've": "they shall have / they will have",
"they're": "they are",
"they've": "they have",
"to've": "to have",
"wasn't": "was not",
"we'd": "we had / we would",
"we'd've": "we would have",
"we'll": "we will",
"we'll've": "we will have",
"we're": "we are",
"we've": "we have",
"weren't": "were not",
"what'll": "what shall / what will",
"what'll've": "what shall have / what will have",
"what're": "what are",
"what's": "what has / what is",
"what've": "what have",
"when's": "when has / when is",
"when've": "when have",
"where'd": "where did",
"where's": "where has / where is",
"where've": "where have",
"who'll": "who shall / who will",
"who'll've": "who shall have / who will have",
"who's": "who has / who is",
"who've": "who have",
"why's": "why has / why is",
"why've": "why have",
"will've": "will have",
"won't": "will not",
"won't've": "will not have",
"would've": "would have",
"wouldn't": "would not",
"wouldn't've": "would not have",
"y'all": "you all",
"y'all'd": "you all would",
"y'all'd've": "you all would have",
"y'all're": "you all are",
"y'all've": "you all have",
"you'd": "you had / you would",
"you'd've": "you would have",
"you'll": "you shall / you will",
"you'll've": "you shall have / you will have",
"you're": "you are",
"you've": "you have"
}

然后写一些代码来根据字典修改你的文本，像这样:

Then write some code to modify your text according to the dictionary, something like this:

text="What's the best way to ensure this?"
for word in text.split():
    if word.lower() in contractions:
        text = text.replace(word, contractions[word.lower()])
print(text)

关于改变动词时态的第二个问题，nodebox 的语言学库非常受欢迎，强烈推荐用于此类任务.下载他们的 zip 文件后，将其解压缩并将其复制到 python 的站点-包目录.这样做之后，你可以这样写:

For your second question on changing verb tense, nodebox's linguistics library is very popular and highly recommended for such tasks. After downloading their zip file, unzip it and copy it to python's site-package directory. After doing that, you can write something like this:

import en
for word in text.split():
    if en.is_verb(word.lower()):
        text = text.replace(word, en.verb.present(word.lower()))
print text

注意:此库仅适用于 Python 2，因为它尚未提供对 Python 3 的支持.

Note: this library is only for Python 2 since it does not yet offer support for python 3.

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