语义Web应用程序-使用BBC Sports本体 [英] Semantic web application - using BBC Sports ontology
问题描述
我正在尝试创建一个语义Web应用程序，用于有关我所在地区(10k，半程马拉松，马拉松)的比赛.更具体地说，我想收集和发布有关种族，参与者和结果的数据(在RDF中)，并合并相似的数据.最近几周，我一直在测试Jena(包括TDB)，从静态网站上抓取一些关于跑步比赛以及阅读词汇和本体的网页信息.
I am trying to make a semantic web application about running races in my area (10k, half marathons, marathons). More specifically I want to collect and publish (in RDF) data about races, participants and results, and merge similar data. The last few weeks I have been testing Jena (including TDB), doing some web scraping from static web sites about running races and reading about vocabularies and ontologies.
我认为BBC体育本体是最有名的本体，也是进入门槛最低(不是设计过度)的本体. http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport /2011-02-17.shtml
I think the most reputable ontology to use for my application, and also the one with the lowest barrier to entry (not very over-engineered), is the BBC sports ontology. http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport/2011-02-17.shtml
我对使用BBC体育和制作应用程序有一些疑问:
I have a few questions about using BBC sports and making the application:
即使我只是使用BBC体育本体的一小部分，对我来说也可以吗?
Is it okay for me to use BBC sports ontology even if I just use a small subset of it?
我想查看本体的架构以更好地理解它，但是我似乎在任何地方都找不到它.英国广播公司(BBC)是对它保密吗，还是我只是在错误的地方寻找它?
I wanted to look at the schema for the ontology to understand it better, but I can't seem to find it anywhere. Is BBC keeping it secret or have I just been looking for it in the wrong places?
我有什么办法可以确定我是否正确使用了本体?我的母语不是英语，所以我可能会误解本体中的某些概念.
Is there any way for me to know for sure if I am using the ontology correctly? My native language is not English so I am afraid I might misunderstand some of the concepts in the ontology.
当我向(TDB)三元组存储中添加新的三元组时，为资源创建新URI的惯例是什么?更具体地说，URI应该以名称或uid结尾吗?这会影响来自不同数据集的相似数据的合并吗?
When I add new triples to my (TDB) triple store, what is the convention for creating a new URI for a resource? More specifically, should the URI end with a name or a uid? Will this affect merging of similar data from different data sets?
您可以推荐任何语义Web工具来使资源URI可取消引用吗?我不会很快将应用程序放到网络上，但是如果我可以在本地访问URI，例如
Can you recommend any semantic web tools for making a resource URI dereferenceable? I'm not putting the application on the web anytime soon, but it would still be nice if I could access the URI's locally, for instance
http://localhost/running/12345.
推荐答案
您在这里有几个不同的问题，其中一些问题比其他问题更容易回答.
You've got a few different questions here, and some are easier to answer than others.
许多BBC网站使用文档的内容协商，并且可以通过设置适当的HTTP标头，甚至更简单地通过请求具有适当扩展名的资源来获取所需的RDF文档.例如，本体的人类可读版本是
Many of the BBC websites use content negotiation for the documents, and you can get the RDF documents that you're looking for by setting the appropriate HTTP headers, or even more simply by requesting the resource with an appropriate extension. For instance, the human readable version of the ontology is
要获取机器可读的版本，请使用
To get the machine readable version, use
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport/2011 -02-17.rdf (RDF/XML)
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport/2011 -02-17.n3 (海龟)
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport/2011-02-17.rdf (RDF/XML)
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport/2011-02-17.n3 (Turtle)
他们这样做的事实现在还不是很明显.至少有一个地方是他们的《自然》的"Feeds and Data"部分，其中指出:
The fact that they do this isn't immediately obvious. At least one place it's stated is their Feeds and Data section of Nature where they state:
如何获取RDF?
您有两种选择.我们在标准URL上内容协商-如果您的客户请求标头指定RDF，那么这就是你会得到.或者，您可以在网址的末尾添加.rdf，然后我们将返回RDF而不是HTML.
How do I get the RDF?
You've a couple of options. We content negotiate on our standard URLs - if you're client's request header specifies RDF then that's what you'll get. Alternatively is you add .rdf to the end of our URLs then we will return RDF rather than HTML.
您可以根据需要使用BBC本体中定义的任意数量的类，属性和个人.这就是语义网之美的一部分.至于您是否正确使用它们，大多数都带有描述性标签，但是标签是英文的.我认为没有一种自动的方法可以检查您的使用情况.恐怕您可能只需要和更熟悉英语的人核实即可.当然，您也可以使用自己的语言添加标签和注释，并将其提供给其他人使用.关于语义网和链接数据，这是另一件事，您可以随时随地说任何事情.
You can use as few or as many of the classes, properties, and individuals defined in the BBC's ontologies as you want. That's part of the beauty of the Semantic Web. As to whether you're using them correctly, most of them have somewhat descriptive labels, but the labels are in English. I don't think that there's an automated way to check your usage; you'll probably just have to check with someone more comfortable with English, I'm afraid. Of course, you could also add labels and comments in your own language, and make that available for others. That's another nice thing about the Semantic Web and Linked Data, you can say anything about anything whenever you want.
目前没有用于创建IRI的单一标准.如果它们是人类可读的，那是好，但是如果您以编程方式生成很多东西，那可能很难实现.如果您无法使它们可读，则至少应确保在适当的时候提供适当的rdfs:label.有关IRI约定的问题可能是 http://answers.semanticweb.com 上的更多话题，如果您可能会得到更好的答案你在那里问.
There's no single standard out there for creating IRIs. It's nice if they're human readable, but if you're generating lots of things programmatically, that can be hard to accomplish. If you can't make them human readable, at least be sure to give them appropriate rdfs:labels when you can. A question about IRI conventions might be more on topic at http://answers.semanticweb.com, and you'll probably get better answers if you ask there.
正如您所说的，您要的是一种工具，而这种问题不在StackOverflow的主题范围内:
As phrased, you're asking for a tool, and that kind of question is off topic for StackOverflow:
让我们推荐或找到工具，库或最喜欢的异地资源的问题对于Stack Overflow来说是不在主题范围内的，因为它们往往会吸引有思想的答案和垃圾邮件.相反，请描述问题以及迄今为止已解决的问题.
Questions asking us to recommend or find a tool, library or favorite off-site resource are off-topic for Stack Overflow as they tend to attract opinionated answers and spam. Instead, describe the problem and what has been done so far to solve it.
同样，您最好在 http://answers.semanticweb.com 上走运.简短的答案是，您正在寻找轻量级的Web服务器.您甚至可以通过让Web服务器将对IRI的请求转发到SPARQL描述查询来获取有关IRI的信息来获得信息.这样，当您请求时:
Again, you might have better luck on http://answers.semanticweb.com. The short answer though, is that you'd be looking for a lightweight webserver. You might even get by by having a web server forward a request for an IRI to a SPARQL describe query asking for information about the IRI. That way, when you request:
http://localhost/running/12345
您将获得
describe <http://localhost/running/12345>
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