使用Gmail PHP API无法获取电子邮件正文 [英] Cannot get the body of email with Gmail PHP API

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问题描述

我在使用Gmail PHP API时遇到问题.

I'm having trouble with the Gmail PHP API.

我想检索电子邮件的正文内容，但是我只能对带有附件的电子邮件检索它！我的问题是为什么?

I want to retrieve the body content of emails, but I can retrieve it only for emails which have attachments! My question is why?

到目前为止，这是我的代码:

Here's my code so far:

// Authentication things above...
$client = getClient();
$gmail = new Google_Service_Gmail($client);    
$list = $gmail->users_messages->listUsersMessages('me', ['maxResults' => 1000]);

while ($list->getMessages() != null) {   
    foreach ($list->getMessages() as $mlist) {               
        $message_id = $mlist->id;   
        $optParamsGet2['format'] = 'full';
        $single_message = $gmail->users_messages->get('me', $message_id, $optParamsGet2);

        $threadId = $single_message->getThreadId();
        $payload = $single_message->getPayload();
        $headers = $payload->getHeaders();
        $parts = $payload->getParts();
        //print_r($parts); PRINTS SOMETHING ONLY IF I HAVE ATTACHMENTS...
        $body = $parts[0]['body'];
        $rawData = $body->data;
        $sanitizedData = strtr($rawData,'-_', '+/');
        $decodedMessage = base64_decode($sanitizedData); //should display my body content
    }

    if ($list->getNextPageToken() != null) {
        $pageToken = $list->getNextPageToken();
        $list = $gmail->users_messages->listUsersMessages('me', ['pageToken' => $pageToken, 'maxResults' => 1000]);
    } else {
        break;
    }
}

检索我所知道的内容的第二种方法是使用 Headers 部分中的代码段，但它只能检索50个左右的前字符，这不是很有用.

The second option to retrieve content that I know is by using the snippet located in the Headers part, but it only retrieves the 50 first characters or so, which isn't very useful.

推荐答案

让我们做一些实验.我已经给自己发了两条消息.一个带附件，一个不带附件.

Let's do a little experiment. I've sent two messages to myself. One with an attachment, and one without.

请求: 

GET https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages?maxResults=2

回复: 

{
 "messages": [
  {
   "id": "14fe21fd6b3fb46f",
   "threadId": "14fe21fd6b3fb46f"
  },
  {
   "id": "14fe21f9341ed73c",
   "threadId": "14fe21f9341ed73c"
  }
 ],
 "nextPageToken": "08943597140129624594",
 "resultSizeEstimate": 3
}

我只要求提供有效载荷，因为这是所有相关部分的位置:

I only ask for the payload, since that is where all the relevant parts are:

fields = payload

GET https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/14fe21fd6b3fb46f?fields=payload

GET https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/14fe21f9341ed73c?fields=payload

不带附件的邮件 

{
 "payload": {
  "parts": [
   {
    "partId": "0",
    "mimeType": "text/plain",
    "filename": "",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "size": 22,
     "data": "aGVjaz8gTm8gYXR0YWNobWVudD8NCg=="
    }
   },
   {
    "partId": "1",
    "mimeType": "text/html",
    "filename": "",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "size": 43,
     "data": "PGRpdiBkaXI9Imx0ciI-aGVjaz8gTm8gYXR0YWNobWVudD88L2Rpdj4NCg=="
    }
   }
  ]
 }
}

带有附件的邮件: 

{
 "payload": {
  "parts": [
   {
    "mimeType": "multipart/alternative",
    "filename": "",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "multipart/alternative; boundary=001a1142e23c551e8e05200b4be0"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "size": 0
    },
    "parts": [
     {
      "partId": "0.0",
      "mimeType": "text/plain",
      "filename": "",
      "headers": [
       {
        "name": "Content-Type",
        "value": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8"
       }
      ],
      "body": {
       "size": 9,
       "data": "V293IG1hbg0K"
      }
     },
     {
      "partId": "0.1",
      "mimeType": "text/html",
      "filename": "",
      "headers": [
       {
        "name": "Content-Type",
        "value": "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
       }
      ],
      "body": {
       "size": 30,
       "data": "PGRpdiBkaXI9Imx0ciI-V293IG1hbjwvZGl2Pg0K"
      }
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "partId": "1",
    "mimeType": "image/jpeg",
    "filename": "feelthebern.jpg",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "image/jpeg; name=\"feelthebern.jpg\""
     },
     {
      "name": "Content-Disposition",
      "value": "attachment; filename=\"feelthebern.jpg\""
     },
     {
      "name": "Content-Transfer-Encoding",
      "value": "base64"
     },
     {
      "name": "X-Attachment-Id",
      "value": "f_ieq3ev0i0"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "attachmentId": "ANGjdJ_2xG3WOiLh6MbUdYy4vo2VhV2kOso5AyuJW3333rbmk8BIE1GJHIOXkNIVGiphP3fGe7iuIl_MGzXBGNGvNslwlz8hOkvJZg2DaasVZsdVFT_5JGvJOLefgaSL4hqKJgtzOZG9K1XSMrRQAtz2V0NX7puPdXDU4gvalSuMRGwBhr_oDSfx2xljHEbGG6I4VLeLZfrzGGKW7BF-GO_FUxzJR8SizRYqIhgZNA6PfRGyOhf1s7bAPNW3M9KqWRgaK07WTOYl7DzW4hpNBPA4jrl7tgsssExHpfviFL7yL52lxsmbsiLe81Z5UoM",
     "size": 100446
    }
   }
  ]
 }
}

这些响应对应于代码中的$parts.如您所见，如果您很幸运，$parts[0]['body']->data会给您您想要的东西，但是在大多数情况下不会.

These responses corresponds to the $parts in your code. As you can see, if you are lucky, $parts[0]['body']->data will give you what you want, but most of the time it will not.

通常有两种方法可以解决此问题.您可以实现以下算法(您在PHP上比我要好得多，但这是它的总体概述):

There are generally two approaches to this problem. You could implement the following algorithm (you are much better at PHP than me, but this is the general outline of it):

  1. 遍历payload.parts并检查它是否包含具有要查找的主体的part(text/plain或text/html).如果有的话，您就可以完成搜索.如果您解析的邮件像上面的邮件一样没有附件，那就足够了.
  2. 再次执行步骤1，但这一次是使用刚刚检查过的parts内部的parts递归地进行的.您最终将找到您的part.如果您正在解析带有附件的上述邮件，最终将找到您的body.
  1. Traverse the payload.parts and check if it contains a part that has the body you were looking for (either text/plain or text/html). If it has, you are done with your searching. If you were parsing a mail like the one above with no attachment, this would be enough.
  2. Do step 1 again, but this time with the parts found inside the parts you just checked, recursively. You will eventually find your part. If you were parsing a mail like the one above with an attachment, this would eventually find you your body.

该算法可能类似于以下内容(JavaScript中的示例):

The algorithm could look something like the following (example in JavaScript):

var response = {
 "payload": {
  "parts": [
   {
    "mimeType": "multipart/alternative",
    "filename": "",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "multipart/alternative; boundary=001a1142e23c551e8e05200b4be0"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "size": 0
    },
    "parts": [
     {
      "partId": "0.0",
      "mimeType": "text/plain",
      "filename": "",
      "headers": [
       {
        "name": "Content-Type",
        "value": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8"
       }
      ],
      "body": {
       "size": 9,
       "data": "V293IG1hbg0K"
      }
     },
     {
      "partId": "0.1",
      "mimeType": "text/html",
      "filename": "",
      "headers": [
       {
        "name": "Content-Type",
        "value": "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
       }
      ],
      "body": {
       "size": 30,
       "data": "PGRpdiBkaXI9Imx0ciI-V293IG1hbjwvZGl2Pg0K"
      }
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "partId": "1",
    "mimeType": "image/jpeg",
    "filename": "feelthebern.jpg",
    "headers": [
     {
      "name": "Content-Type",
      "value": "image/jpeg; name=\"feelthebern.jpg\""
     },
     {
      "name": "Content-Disposition",
      "value": "attachment; filename=\"feelthebern.jpg\""
     },
     {
      "name": "Content-Transfer-Encoding",
      "value": "base64"
     },
     {
      "name": "X-Attachment-Id",
      "value": "f_ieq3ev0i0"
     }
    ],
    "body": {
     "attachmentId": "ANGjdJ_2xG3WOiLh6MbUdYy4vo2VhV2kOso5AyuJW3333rbmk8BIE1GJHIOXkNIVGiphP3fGe7iuIl_MGzXBGNGvNslwlz8hOkvJZg2DaasVZsdVFT_5JGvJOLefgaSL4hqKJgtzOZG9K1XSMrRQAtz2V0NX7puPdXDU4gvalSuMRGwBhr_oDSfx2xljHEbGG6I4VLeLZfrzGGKW7BF-GO_FUxzJR8SizRYqIhgZNA6PfRGyOhf1s7bAPNW3M9KqWRgaK07WTOYl7DzW4hpNBPA4jrl7tgsssExHpfviFL7yL52lxsmbsiLe81Z5UoM",
     "size": 100446
    }
   }
  ]
 }
};

// In e.g. a plain text message, the payload is the only part.
var parts = [response.payload];

while (parts.length) {
  var part = parts.shift();
  if (part.parts) {
    parts = parts.concat(part.parts);
  }

  if(part.mimeType === 'text/html') {
    var decodedPart = decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(part.body.data.replace(/\-/g, '+').replace(/\_/g, '/'))));
    console.log(decodedPart);
  }
}

简单得多的选择是获取邮件的原始数据，然后让一个已经编写好的库为您完成工作:

The far easier option is to just get the raw data of the mail, and let a already written library do the work for you:

请求: 

format = raw
fields = raw

GET https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/14fe21fd6b3fb46f?format=raw&fields=raw

回复: 

{
 "raw": "TUlNRS1WZXJzaW9uOiAxLjANClJlY2VpdmVkOiBieSAxMC4yOC45OS4xOTYgd2l0aCBIVFRQOyBGcmksIDE4IFNlcCAyMDE1IDEzOjIzOjAxIC0wNzAwIChQRFQpDQpEYXRlOiBGcmksIDE4IFNlcCAyMDE1IDIyOjIzOjAxICswMjAwDQpEZWxpdmVyZWQtVG86IGVtdGhvbGluQGdtYWlsLmNvbQ0KTWVzc2FnZS1JRDogPENBRHNaTFJ5eGk2UGt0MHZnUS1iZHd1N2FNLWNHRmZKcEwrRHYyb3ZKOGp4SGN4VWhfQUBtYWlsLmdtYWlsLmNvbT4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFdoYXQgZGENCkZyb206IEVtaWwgVGhvbGluIDxlbXRob2xpbkBnbWFpbC5jb20-DQpUbzogRW1pbCBUaG9saW4gPGVtdGhvbGluQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4NCkNvbnRlbnQtVHlwZTogbXVsdGlwYXJ0L2FsdGVybmF0aXZlOyBib3VuZGFyeT0wMDFhMTE0NjhmMTY1YzUwNDUwNTIwMGI0YzYxDQoNCi0tMDAxYTExNDY4ZjE2NWM1MDQ1MDUyMDBiNGM2MQ0KQ29udGVudC1UeXBlOiB0ZXh0L3BsYWluOyBjaGFyc2V0PVVURi04DQoNCmhlY2s_IE5vIGF0dGFjaG1lbnQ_DQoNCi0tMDAxYTExNDY4ZjE2NWM1MDQ1MDUyMDBiNGM2MQ0KQ29udGVudC1UeXBlOiB0ZXh0L2h0bWw7IGNoYXJzZXQ9VVRGLTgNCg0KPGRpdiBkaXI9Imx0ciI-aGVjaz8gTm8gYXR0YWNobWVudD88L2Rpdj4NCg0KLS0wMDFhMTE0NjhmMTY1YzUwNDUwNTIwMGI0YzYxLS0="
}

第二种方法的最大缺点是，如果您收到原始消息，则将立即下载所有附件数据，对于您的用例来说，这些数据可能远远不够.

The biggest drawback of the second method is that if you get the message raw, you will download all the attachment data right away, which might be far to much data for your use case.

我不擅长PHP，但是此

I'm not good at PHP, but this looks promising if you want to go with the second solution! Good luck!

这篇关于使用Gmail PHP API无法获取电子邮件正文的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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