尝试在macOS上使用pip安装任何内容，但无法 [英] Trying to install anything with pip on macos and cannot
问题描述
我认为我的mac os系统有问题.我尝试使用pip安装在它上面的所有东西，我一遍又一遍地得到相同的错误，我只粘贴了显示错误的行，以确保该线程不会过度拥挤:
I think I have a problem with my mac os system. Everything I try to install on it using pip I get the same errors over and over again, I have pasted just the lines that display an error to not overcrowd this thread:
Collecting murmurhash3
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b5/f4/1f9c4851667a2541bd151b8d9efef707495816274fada365fa6a31085a32/murmurhash3-2.3.5.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: murmurhash3
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for murmurhash3 ... error
Complete output from command /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-install-_4hr8w03/murmurhash3/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-wheel-k28wu_2e --python-tag cp37:
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_ext
building 'mmh3' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode-beta.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c mmh3module.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/mmh3module.o
In file included from mmh3module.cpp:3:
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:14:2: error: "Something's broken. UCHAR_MAX should be defined in limits.h."
#error "Something's broken. UCHAR_MAX should be defined in limits.h."
^
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:18:2: error: "Python's source code assumes C's unsigned char is an 8-bit type."
#error "Python's source code assumes C's unsigned char is an 8-bit type."
^
mmh3module.cpp:99:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'memcpy'; did you mean 'wmemcpy'?
memcpy(bytes, result, 16);
^~~~~~
wmemcpy
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/wchar.h:152:10: note: 'wmemcpy' declared here
wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t * __restrict, const wchar_t * __restrict, size_t);
^
mmh3module.cpp:99:12: error: cannot initialize a parameter of type 'wchar_t *' with an lvalue of type 'char [16]'
memcpy(bytes, result, 16);
^~~~~
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/wchar.h:152:38: note: passing argument to parameter here
wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t * __restrict, const wchar_t * __restrict, size_t);
^
4 errors generated.
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for murmurhash3
Running setup.py clean for murmurhash3
Failed to build murmurhash3
Installing collected packages: murmurhash3
Running setup.py install for murmurhash3 ... error
Complete output from command /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-install-_4hr8w03/murmurhash3/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-record-7a15nstl/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'mmh3' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode-beta.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c mmh3module.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.7/mmh3module.o
In file included from mmh3module.cpp:3:
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:14:2: error: "Something's broken. UCHAR_MAX should be defined in limits.h."
#error "Something's broken. UCHAR_MAX should be defined in limits.h."
^
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:18:2: error: "Python's source code assumes C's unsigned char is an 8-bit type."
#error "Python's source code assumes C's unsigned char is an 8-bit type."
^
mmh3module.cpp:99:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'memcpy'; did you mean 'wmemcpy'?
memcpy(bytes, result, 16);
^~~~~~
wmemcpy
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/wchar.h:152:10: note: 'wmemcpy' declared here
wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t * __restrict, const wchar_t * __restrict, size_t);
^
mmh3module.cpp:99:12: error: cannot initialize a parameter of type 'wchar_t *' with an lvalue of type 'char [16]'
memcpy(bytes, result, 16);
^~~~~
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/wchar.h:152:38: note: passing argument to parameter here
wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t * __restrict, const wchar_t * __restrict, size_t);
^
4 errors generated.
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-install-_4hr8w03/murmurhash3/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-record-7a15nstl/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/15/_mc1281d6kn_z8my6cz6dj740000gq/T/pip-install-_4hr8w03/murmurhash3/
另一方面，当我尝试安装lxml或requests时，一切正常.对我搞砸的地方有什么想法吗?
On the other hand when I try to install lxml or requests everything works great. Any thoughts on where I have messed up?
推荐答案
库 murmurhash3 >是针对Python> 3.2的，最初您尝试针对Python 2进行编译.由于该库具有C扩展名，并且Python 2和3与API不兼容，因此该代码不起作用.
The library murmurhash3 is meant for Python >3.2 and at first you were attempting to compile it for Python 2. It doesn't work as the library has a C extension and Python 2 and 3 are not mutually API compatible.
当然会更容易注意到，如果murmurhash3在setup.py中检查了您的Python版本.
Of course it would have been easier to notice, would murmurhash3 have checked your Python version in its setup.py.
现在您要尝试将其安装到Python 3，很明显，编译器出了点问题！ C标准要求，UCHAR_MAX是由存在的每个单个C编译器在<limits.h>中定义的，在任何当前的个人计算体系结构上，UCHAR_MAX都应定义为255，包括Mac. Python.h 进行检查.您的C编译器既未定义UCHAR_MAX，也未在limits.h中将其设置为255，但仍成功包含 some limits.h.您的C编译器完全崩溃了
Now that you're trying to install it to Python 3, it is clear that there is something very wrong with your compiler! The C standard requires that UCHAR_MAX is defined in <limits.h> by every single C compiler in existence and on any current personal computing architecture the UCHAR_MAX should be defined to 255, Macs included. Python.h checks this. Your C compiler defined neither UCHAR_MAX nor did it set it to 255 in limits.h but it still successfully included some limits.h. Your C compiler is utterly b0rken
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