Python:在OS X中激活窗口 [英] Python: Activate window in OS X

问题描述

我正在运行OS X 10.11，并且已经使用Python和Selenium创建了一个Web抓取工具.刮板使用Firefox作为浏览器来收集数据.

I'm running OS X 10.11, and I have created a web scraper using Python and Selenium. The scraper uses Firefox as the browser to collect data.

Firefox窗口必须在所有关键步骤保持活动状态，刮板才能正常工作.

The Firefox window must remain active at all critical steps, for the scraper to work.

当我离开使用Firefox作为活动窗口的计算机时，当我返回时，我经常发现活动窗口的焦点已更改为其他内容.一些过程正在窃取窗口焦点.

When I leave the computer with Firefox as the active window, when I return I often find that the active window focus has changed to something else. Some process is stealing the window focus.

是否可以通过编程方式告诉操作系统激活Firefox窗口?如果是这样，我可以告诉脚本在执行脚本中的每个关键操作之前先执行此操作.

Is there a way that I can programatically tell the OS to activate the Firefox window? If so, I can tell the script to do that before every critical action in the script.

最好，这是我想使用Python实现的.但是启动辅助AppleScript来完成此特定任务也可能是解决方案.

Preferably, this is something that I would like to achieve using Python. But launching a secondary AppleScript to do this specific task may also be a solution.

注意: Atm，我不是想重写脚本来使用无头浏览器，而只是通过强制激活窗口来使其正常工作.

Note: Atm, I'm not looking at rewriting my script to use a headless browser – just to make it work by forcing active window.

推荐答案

您可以在python中使用AppleEvents导入模块Carbon.这是一个通过脚本脚本标识符激活FireFox的python脚本示例.

You can use AppleEvents in python importing the module Carbon. Here an example of an python script activating FireFox by its bundle identifier.

from Carbon import AppleEvents 
from Carbon import AE
target = AE.AECreateDesc(AppleEvents.typeApplicationBundleID, "org.mozilla.FireFox")
activateEvent  = AE.AECreateAppleEvent( 'misc', 'actv', target, AppleEvents.kAutoGenerateReturnID, AppleEvents.kAnyTransactionID)
activateEvent.AESend(AppleEvents.kAEWaitReply, AppleEvents.kAENormalPriority, AppleEvents.kAEDefaultTimeout)

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