为什么OSX无法运行我在whereis python中获得的python [英] Why is OSX not running the python I get with whereis python

问题描述

我有一台运行OSX Yosemite的机器(它已经通过了多个OSX版本，这可能有所不同).

I have a machine running OSX Yosemite (it has been through several versions of OSX, which may make a difference).

我注意到python是否可以导入库取决于一个脚本是否直接运行，即

I noticed an anomily with whether python could import libraries depending on whether the script was run directly, i.e.

./Myscript.py

或者通过明确调用python

Or by expressly calling python

python Myscript.py

现在，如果我输入

$whereis python
/usr/bin/python

我在剧本中的shebang行是

And my shebang line in the script is

#!/usr/bin/python

所以我假设在两种情况下都运行相同版本的python.

So I assumed that the same version of python was running in both cases.

但是经过调查，我发现

$python --version
Python 2.7.6
$/usr/bin/python --version
Python 2.7.10

所以看起来执行Python并不是我执行whereis时得到的

So it would seem that the python being executed is not the one I get when I do a whereis

任何人都可以对此进行阐明，并阐明如何解决该问题吗?我真的想在两种情况下都运行2.7.10，因为现在安装库时它们进入2.7.6，但是当我运行脚本时，它们运行2.7.10并且看不到库.

Can anyone please shed some light on this, and also clarify how to fix it? I really want to be running 2.7.10 in both cases, since right now when I install libraries they go into 2.7.6, but when I run scripts, they run 2.7.10 and can't see the libraries.

谢谢

乔恩

推荐答案

不要使用whereis，该命令会忽略您的PATH环境变量.在联机帮助页上:

Don't use whereis, that command ignores your PATH environment variable. From the manpage:

whereis实用程序检查指定程序的 标准二进制目录 ，并打印出找到的所有路径.

The whereis utility checks the standard binary directories for the specified programs, printing out the paths of any it finds.

强调我的.

您有一个PATH环境变量，其中包括一个非标准"二进制目录.使用which查找python的来源:

You have a PATH environment variable that includes a 'nonstandard' binary directory. Use which to find where python comes from:

$ which python

which为您提供当前外壳配置使用的实际二进制文件:

which gives you the actual binary used for your current shell configuration:

which实用程序获取命令名称列表，并在每个可执行文件 的路径下搜索，如果这些命令实际被调用，将运行该文件.

The which utility takes a list of command names and searches the path for each executable file that would be run had these commands actually been invoked.

您可以使用which -a查找命令的所有可能的补全:

You could use which -a to find all possible completions for the command:

$ which -a python

另请参见 "whereis"和哪个"在超级用户的Mac OS X中返回不同的路径 .

演示:

$ PATH=/opt/homebrew/bin:$PATH whereis python
/usr/bin/python
$ PATH=/opt/homebrew/bin:$PATH which -a python
/opt/homebrew/bin/python
/usr/bin/python

因此，即使PATH 明确地指向我的自制目录，whereis也会忽略它. which找到并首先列出它(-a参数使它寻找更多选项).

So even with PATH explicitly pointing to my homebrew directory, whereis ignores it. which finds it and lists it first (the -a argument made it look for more options).

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