如何在Ruby中通过HTTP执行基本身份验证? [英] How to do basic authentication over HTTPs in Ruby?

问题描述

看了很多之后，我发现了一些似乎可行的解决方案，但是对我来说却不行.

After looking a lot, I've found some solutions that seem working, but not for me...

例如，我有这个脚本:

require 'net/http'
require "net/https"

@http=Net::HTTP.new('www.xxxxxxx.net', 443)
@http.use_ssl = true
@http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
@http.start() {|http|
    req = Net::HTTP::Get.new('/gb/PastSetupsXLS.asp?SR=31,6')
    req.basic_auth 'my_user', 'my_password'
    response = http.request(req)
    print response.body
}

当我运行它时，它会给我一个页面，要求进行身份验证，但是如果我在浏览器中编写以下URL，则可以毫无问题地进入该网站:

When I run it, it gives me a page that requests for authentication, but if I write the following URL in the browser, I get into the website without problems:

https://my_user:[e-mail]/gb/PastSetupsXLS.asp?SR=31,6

我也尝试过使用open-uri:

I have also tried with open-uri:

module OpenSSL
    module SSL
        remove_const :VERIFY_PEER
    end
end
OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE

def download(full_url, to_here)
    writeOut = open(to_here, "wb") 
    writeOut.write(open(full_url, :http_basic_authentication=>["my_user", "my_password"]).read) 
    writeOut.close 
end

download('https://www.xxxxxxx.net/gb/PastSetupsXLS.asp?SR=31,6', "target_file.html")

但是结果是一样的，该站点正在要求用户身份验证. 我在做什么错的任何提示?我必须在Base 64中对密码进行编码吗?

But the result is the same, the site is asking for user authentication. Any tips of what am I doing wrong?. Must I encode the password in Base 64?

推荐答案

我根据

I wrote a piece of code based on examples given in the Net::HTTP docs and tested it on my local WAMP server - it works fine. Here's what I have:

require 'net/http'
require 'openssl'

uri = URI('https://localhost/')

Net::HTTP.start(uri.host, uri.port,
  :use_ssl => uri.scheme == 'https', 
  :verify_mode => OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE) do |http|

  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new uri.request_uri
  request.basic_auth 'matt', 'secret'

  response = http.request request # Net::HTTPResponse object

  puts response
  puts response.body
end

我的.htaccess文件如下所示:

AuthName "Authorization required"
AuthUserFile c:/wamp/www/ssl/.htpasswd
AuthType basic
Require valid-user

我的.htpasswd只是用htpasswd -c .htpasswd matt生成的用于密码秘密"的一个衬纸.当我运行代码时，我得到"200 OK"和index.html的内容.如果删除request.basic_auth行，则会出现401错误.

My .htpasswd is just a one liner generated with htpasswd -c .htpasswd matt for password "secret". When I run my code I get "200 OK" and contents of index.html. If I remove the request.basic_auth line, I get 401 error.

更新:

如评论中的@stereoscott所示，我在示例中使用的:verify_mode值(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE)对于生产而言并不安全.

As indicated by @stereoscott in the comments, the :verify_mode value I used in the example (OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE) is not safe for production.

All available options listed in the OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext docs are: VERIFY_NONE, VERIFY_PEER, VERIFY_CLIENT_ONCE, VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, out of which (according to the OpenSSL docs) only the first two ones are used in the client mode.

因此，应在生产环境中使用VERIFY_PEER，该产品

So VERIFY_PEER should be used on production, which is the default btw, so you can skip it entirely.

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