我的RabbitMQ集群是“主动”还是“主动”？ [英] Is my RabbitMQ cluster Active Active or Active Passive?
问题描述
我已经使用join_cluster命令创建了由三个RabbitMQ节点组成的集群。
I have created a cluster consists of three RabbitMQ nodes using join_cluster command.
ie
rabbitmqctl –n rabbit2@MYPC1 join_cluster rabbit2@MYPC1
（当前群集在单台计算机上运行）
(currently the cluster runs on a single computer)
问题：
在文档中说
- 我配置了什么？
- 我该如何配置？知道吗？
- 如何进行更改？
- 在Active Active和amp; amp;之间有很大的性能折衷吗主动被动？
- 与主动/主动交互的最佳实践是什么？
即安装负载平衡器？会轮循的apache - 与主动/被动交互的最佳实践是什么？
如果我仅与主动交互-这是单点f失败
- What did I configure?
- How do I know?
- How can it be changed?
- Is there a big performance trade off between Active Active & Active Passive?
- What is the best practice to interact with active/active?
i.e. install a load balancer? apache that will round robin - What is the best practice to interact with active/passive?
if I interact with only the active - this is a single point f failure
谢谢。
推荐答案
我一直使用RabbitMQ对可用性选项进行了一些研究，尽管我还很新，但是我将尝试以我所拥有的知识来回答您的问题。请理解，这些答案并非旨在全面。
I have been doing some research into availability options with RabbitMQ and while I am still fairly new, I'll attempt to answer your questions with the knowledge I do have. Please understand that these answers are not intended to be comprehensive.
在回答问题和答案之前，我认为应该指出使用主动/主动术语在单台计算机上运行的群集的上下文中，主动/被动和主动/被动并不真正适用。主动/主动和主动/被动是用于描述高可用性集群的术语，在该集群中，您拥有一个以上的逻辑服务器（如果是多个RabbitMQ集群），共享/冗余存储，网络功能，电源等系统。 / p>
Before getting to the questions and answers, I think it's worth pointing out that I think using the terms Active/Active and Active/Passive in the context of a cluster running on a single computer does not really apply. Active/Active and Active/Passive are typically terms used to describe highly available clusters where you have a system of more than one logical server (in your case, multiple RabbitMQ clusters), shared/redundant storage, network capabilities, power, etc.
- 我配置了什么？
群集中的节点或队列的镜像没有任何负载平衡两者都不存在，这意味着您没有高度可用的群集。 - 我怎么知道？
RabbitMQ不提供任何连接管理因此，发生故障的节点的流量将不会自动传递到其他节点，这对于主动/主动群集是必需的。没有队列镜像，您的群集中就没有完全冗余的节点，而主动/被动节点是必需的。 - 如何更改它？
即使您实施了负载平衡和/或队列镜像，也缺少提供高可用性RabbitMQ集群的许多要求。首先，对于RabbitMQ群集，您只有一个逻辑代理（对于HA群集，至少需要两个逻辑代理）。 - Active与Active之间是否需要进行较大的性能折衷&主动被动式吗？
我认为当您开始引入数据复制和/或冗余时，您会开始看到性能下降，这会同时影响主动/主动式和主动/被动式。如果使用同步数据复制，则与异步复制数据相比，您将看到更大的性能影响。还有很多事情要做，但是对我来说，使用Active / Active可能会带来更大的性能损失，但这在很大程度上取决于所有组件协同工作的速度。在主动/被动模式下，您可能会在服务器之间使用异步复制，因此性能可能会更好，但是在故障转移的情况下，您需要等待复制完成才能切换到辅助服务器。 - 与主动/主动交互的最佳实践是什么？即安装负载均衡器？会循环运行的Apache
RabbitMQ建议使用负载平衡器，这样您就不必将群集中节点的详细信息泄漏给客户端。 - 与主动/被动互动的最佳实践是什么？如果我仅与主动服务器交互-这是一个单点故障
这是一个故障点，但是通过主动/被动，您可以实施故障策略以重试下一个可用服务器或全部剩余的服务器。使用这些策略，您可以建立一种方案，在这种情况下，群集的功能只会在发生故障转移时降级，而不会完全不可用。另外，您可以与被动方进行交互，但是交互的类型可能非常不同（即只读访问），因为在被动方上可用的资源可能较少，并且数据复制可能会延迟。
- What did I configure?
Without any load balancing for the nodes in your cluster or queue mirroring you have neither, meaning you do not have a highly available cluster. - How do I know?
RabbitMQ does not provide any connection management so traffic with a failed node will not automatically be passed on to a different node, which is required for an active/active cluster. Without queue mirroring you do not have fully redundant nodes in your cluster, which is required for active/passive. - How can it be changed?
Even if you implement load balancing and/or queue mirroring you are missing a number of requirements to offer a highly-available RabbitMQ cluster. Primarily, with a RabbitMQ cluster you only have a single logical broker (at least two are required for an HA cluster). - Is there a big performance trade off between Active Active & Active Passive?
I think you will start seeing performance penalties as you start introducing data replication and/or redundancy, which would affect both Active/Active and Active/Passive. If you are using synchronous data replication then you will see a bigger performance hit than if you replicate data asynchronously. There's a lot more to it, but to me this feels like there may be a bigger performance hit by using Active/Active but this depends heavily on how fast all of the pieces are working together. In Active/Passive where you may be using asynchronous replication across servers your performance may appear better but in a failover situation you would need to wait for that replication to complete before you can switch to your secondary server. - What is the best practice to interact with active/active? i.e. install a load balancer? apache that will round robin
RabbitMQ recommends using a load balancer so that you do not have to leak details about the nodes in your cluster to the clients. - What is the best practice to interact with active/passive? if I interact with only the active - this is a single point of failure
It is a point of failure but with Active/Passive you can implement a failure strategy to retry the next available server or all remaining servers. With these strategies in place you can establish a scenario where the capabilities of your cluster are merely degraded while a failover is happening instead of totally unavailable. Also, you can interact with the passive side but the types of interactions may be very different (i.e. read-only access) since there may be fewer resources available on the passive side and there may be delays in data replication.
以下是用于收集此信息的参考：
Here are some references used to gather this information:
- High-Availability Cluster on Wikipedia
- Clustering with RabbitMQ
- Highly Available Queues in a RabbitMQ Cluster
- High Availability in RabbitMQ
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