开发Web应用程序时暂存环境的定义是什么？ [英] What is the definition of a staging environment when developing web applications?
问题描述
在为其他人开发Web应用程序时，多个测试环境是一个好主意。但是，不同的开发团队对每种环境的含义都有不同的定义。
When developing a web application for others, multiple environments for testing are a good idea. However, different development teams have different definitions for the meaning of each environment.
目前，我希望保持简单，并拥有一个开发环境（我的本地计算机），一个暂存环境（在将我的应用程序部署到全球之前的某个人），然后再进行生产。尽管在更多环境中可能会有价值，但我现在将坚持使用这三个环境。
Currently, I like to keep it simple, and have a development environment (my local machine), a staging environment (someone before I deploy my app to the world), and then to production. Although there may be value in more environments, I'm going to be sticking with these three for now.
我的主要问题是：
在定义暂存环境时哪些属性适合
？
What properties would be appropriate when defining a staging environment?
但是，这里有一些相关问题：
However, here are some related questions:
- Web服务器是否必须与数据库位于不同的物理计算机上？
- 数据库是否必须与生产数据库完全相同？
- 暂存环境可以关闭进行维护吗？
- 可以使用暂存环境来测试新功能（即beta环境）吗？
- Does the web server have to be on a separate physical machine than the database?
- Does the database have to be exactly identical to the production database?
- Can the staging environment go down for maintenance?
- Can the staging environment be used to test out new features (ie. a beta env)?
推荐答案
我建议您的暂存环境尽可能类似于生产环境。
I'd suggest that your staging environment resembles your production environment as closely as possible.
如果您为数据库和Web服务器使用单独的服务器，请尝试将其也保留在登台状态，如果您使用负载平衡器，请尝试对其进行配置以进行登台
If you use separate servers for the DB and the Web Server, try to keep that in staging as well, if you use a load balancer, try to configure it for staging as well, etc.
但是，根据我的经验，事实并非如此，而且我们的登台环境在硬件方面始终不如在生产环境中强大。这样做的问题是，您不能测试所有功能，并确保生产可以正常工作。
In my experience, however, this was not the case, and our staging environment was always less powerful in terms of hardware than the production environment. The problem with this is that you can't test every feature and be sure production will work the same.
对于其他问题，
- 通常在需要时暂存阶段会减少，您可以为此制定更灵活的计划以安装新版本。
- 我们在某些情况下，我们在登台时安装了多个应用程序实例。一个类似于生产版本，另一个具有供客户端测试的新功能。
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