如何在Python中将datetime.timedelta转换为分钟和小时？ [英] How do I convert datetime.timedelta to minutes, hours in Python?

问题描述

我得到这样的开始日期：

I get a start_date like this:

from django.utils.timezone import utc
import datetime

start_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
end_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
duration = end_date - start_date

我得到这样的输出：

datetime.timedelta(0, 5, 41038)

如何我如何将其转换为如下所示的正常时间？

How do I convert this into normal time like the following?

10分钟，像这样的1小时

10 minutes, 1 hour like this

推荐答案

timedelta 对象没有内置的格式化程序，但是您自己做起来很容易：

There's no built-in formatter for timedelta objects, but it's pretty easy to do it yourself:

days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

或者，如果您在Python 2.7+或3.2 +：

Or, equivalently, if you're in Python 2.7+ or 3.2+:

seconds = duration.total_seconds()
hours = seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

现在您可以按需要打印它：

Now you can print it however you want:

'{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

例如：

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return hours, minutes, seconds
td = datetime.timedelta(2, 7743, 12345)
hours, minutes, seconds = convert_timedelta(td)
print '{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

这将打印：

9 minutes, 50 hours

如果您想获得 10分钟1小时而不是 10分钟1个小时，您也需要手动进行操作：

If you want to get "10 minutes, 1 hour" instead of "10 minutes, 1 hours", you need to do that manually too:

print '{} minute{}, {} hour{}'.format(minutes, 's' if minutes != 1 else '',
                                      hours, 's' if minutes != 1 else '')

或者您可能想写一个 english_plural 函数为您执行的'位，而不是重复自己。

Or you may want to write an english_plural function to do the 's' bits for you, instead of repeating yourself.

从您的评论看来，您实际上是想让日子分开。甚至更容易：

From your comments, it sounds like you actually want to keep the days separate. That's even easier:

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

如果要将其转换为单个值以存储在数据库中，请将该单个值转换回格式化，请执行以下操作：

If you want to convert this to a single value to store in a database, then convert that single value back to format it, do this:

def dhms_to_seconds(days, hours, minutes, seconds):
    return (((days * 24) + hours) * 60 + minutes) * 60 + seconds

def seconds_to_dhms(seconds):
    days = seconds // (3600 * 24)
    hours = (seconds // 3600) % 24
    minutes = (seconds // 60) % 60
    seconds = seconds % 60
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

所以，放在一起：

def store_timedelta_in_database(thingy, duration):
    seconds = dhms_to_seconds(*convert_timedelta(duration))
    db.execute('INSERT INTO foo (thingy, duration) VALUES (?, ?)',
               thingy, seconds)
    db.commit()

def print_timedelta_from_database(thingy):
    cur = db.execute('SELECT duration FROM foo WHERE thingy = ?', thingy)
    seconds = int(cur.fetchone()[0])
    days, hours, minutes, seconds = seconds_to_dhms(seconds)
    print '{} took {} minutes, {} hours, {} days'.format(thingy, minutes, hours, days)

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