如何在 Python 中将 datetime.timedelta 转换为分钟、小时? [英] How do I convert datetime.timedelta to minutes, hours in Python?

问题描述

我得到这样的开始日期:

I get a start_date like this:

from django.utils.timezone import utc
import datetime

start_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
end_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
duration = end_date - start_date

我得到这样的输出:

datetime.timedelta(0, 5, 41038)

如何将其转换为正常时间，如下所示?

How do I convert this into normal time like the following?

10 分钟，1 小时就这样

10 minutes, 1 hour like this

推荐答案

没有用于 timedelta 对象的内置格式化程序，但您可以自己轻松完成:

There's no built-in formatter for timedelta objects, but it's pretty easy to do it yourself:

days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

或者，等效地，如果您使用的是 Python 2.7+ 或 3.2+:

Or, equivalently, if you're in Python 2.7+ or 3.2+:

seconds = duration.total_seconds()
hours = seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

现在您可以随心所欲地打印它:

Now you can print it however you want:

'{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

例如:

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return hours, minutes, seconds
td = datetime.timedelta(2, 7743, 12345)
hours, minutes, seconds = convert_timedelta(td)
print '{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

这将打印:

9 minutes, 50 hours

如果您想获得10 分钟 1 小时"而不是10 分钟 1 小时"，您也需要手动执行此操作:

If you want to get "10 minutes, 1 hour" instead of "10 minutes, 1 hours", you need to do that manually too:

print '{} minute{}, {} hour{}'.format(minutes, 's' if minutes != 1 else '',
                                      hours, 's' if minutes != 1 else '')

或者您可能想要编写一个 english_plural 函数来为您处理 's' 位，而不是重复自己.

Or you may want to write an english_plural function to do the 's' bits for you, instead of repeating yourself.

从您的评论来看，您似乎真的想将日子分开.那就更简单了:

From your comments, it sounds like you actually want to keep the days separate. That's even easier:

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

如果要将其转换为单个值以存储在数据库中，然后将该单个值转换回以对其进行格式化，请执行以下操作:

If you want to convert this to a single value to store in a database, then convert that single value back to format it, do this:

def dhms_to_seconds(days, hours, minutes, seconds):
    return (((days * 24) + hours) * 60 + minutes) * 60 + seconds

def seconds_to_dhms(seconds):
    days = seconds // (3600 * 24)
    hours = (seconds // 3600) % 24
    minutes = (seconds // 60) % 60
    seconds = seconds % 60
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

所以，把它放在一起:

def store_timedelta_in_database(thingy, duration):
    seconds = dhms_to_seconds(*convert_timedelta(duration))
    db.execute('INSERT INTO foo (thingy, duration) VALUES (?, ?)',
               thingy, seconds)
    db.commit()

def print_timedelta_from_database(thingy):
    cur = db.execute('SELECT duration FROM foo WHERE thingy = ?', thingy)
    seconds = int(cur.fetchone()[0])
    days, hours, minutes, seconds = seconds_to_dhms(seconds)
    print '{} took {} minutes, {} hours, {} days'.format(thingy, minutes, hours, days)

这篇关于如何在 Python 中将 datetime.timedelta 转换为分钟、小时?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！