ggplot2:为标题中的单个单词上色以匹配组的颜色 [英] ggplot2: color individual words in title to match colors of groups
问题描述
我最近在《经济学人》上看到了一个折线图,其中标题带有颜色的字词以匹配折线图中使用的组的颜色.我想知道如何使用ggplot2对象执行此操作.这是一些代码,可以制作折线图,除了标题中的彩色文字外,还可以包含经济论文章等所有内容.在底部,我显示了所需的输出.
I recently saw a line chart in the Economist where the title had colored words to match the colors of the groups used in the line chart. I was wondering how to do this with a ggplot2 object. Here is some code to make a line chart with everything like the econimist article except the colored words in the title. At the bottom I show the desired output.
这个问题不是关于显示此信息的理论方法(如直接标记或图例),而是关于为标题中的单个单词着色.
data <- data.frame(
group = rep(c('affluence', 'poverty'), each = 6),
year = rep(c(1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2012), 2),
concentration = c(.125, .12, .14, .13, .145, .146, .068, .09, .125, .119, .13, .135)
)
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data, aes(year, concentration, color = group)) +
geom_line(size = 1.5) +
geom_point(size = 4) +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, .15)) +
labs(
x = NULL, y = NULL,
title = 'Concentration of affluence and poverty nationwide'
) +
theme_minimal() +
theme(
legend.position = 'none'
) +
scale_color_manual(values = c('#EEB422', '#238E68'))
推荐答案
此解决方案基于为图表中的标题加上颜色(此处的贡献者致谢!).
This solution is based on Displaying text below the plot generated by ggplot2 and Colorize parts of the title in a plot (credits to the contributors there!).
通过对文本使用phantom
占位符,我们避免了(大部分)位置的硬编码.
By using phantom
placeholders for text, we avoid (most of the) hardcoding of positions.
# create text grobs, one for each color
library(grid)
t1 <- textGrob(expression("Concentration of " * phantom(bold("affluence")) * "and" * phantom(bold("poverty")) * " nationwide"),
x = 0.5, y = 1.1, gp = gpar(col = "black"))
t2 <- textGrob(expression(phantom("Concentration of ") * bold("affluence") * phantom(" and poverty nationwide")),
x = 0.5, y = 1.1, gp = gpar(col = "#EEB422"))
t3 <- textGrob(expression(phantom("Concentration of affluence and ") * bold("poverty") * phantom(" nationwide")),
x = 0.5, y = 1.1, gp = gpar(col = "#238E68"))
# plot and add grobs with annotation_custom
ggplot(data, aes(year, concentration, color = group)) +
geom_line(size = 1.5) +
geom_point(size = 4) +
annotation_custom(grobTree(t1, t2, t3)) +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 0.15)) +
scale_color_manual(values = c("#EEB422", "#238E68")) +
coord_cartesian(clip = "off") +
labs(x = NULL, y = NULL) +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = 'none',
# add some extra margin on top
plot.margin = unit(c(4, 1, 1, 1), "lines"))
随着大量彩色单词的出现,不同的expression
的创建应以编程方式完成.参见例如类似于base
图的类似问题中的multiTitle
函数:
With a larger number of colored words, the creation of the different expression
s should be done more programmatically. See e.g. the nice multiTitle
function in a similar question for base
plot: title: words in different colors?, which should be useful in ggplot
as well.
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