如何设置使用ggplot2映射栅格 [英] How to set use ggplot2 to map a raster
问题描述
我想使用R Studio与下面的类似(在Arc Map中创建)进行绘图.
I would like to make a plot using R studio similar to the one below (created in Arc Map)
我尝试了以下代码:
# data processing
library(ggplot2)
# spatial
library(raster)
library(rasterVis)
library(rgdal)
#
test <- raster(paste(datafold,'oregon_masked_tmean_2013_12.tif',sep="")) # read the temperature raster
OR<-readOGR(dsn=ORpath, layer="Oregon_10N") # read the Oregon state boundary shapefile
gplot(test) +
geom_tile(aes(fill=factor(value),alpha=0.8)) +
geom_polygon(data=OR, aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group),
fill=NA,color="grey50", size=1)+
coord_equal()
该代码的输出如下所示:
The output of that code looks like this:
需要注意的几件事.首先，R版本缺少分水岭的shapefile.那样就好.
A couple of things to note. First, the watershed shapefiles are missing from the R version. that is fine.
第二，R图中较深的灰色背景为无数据"值.在Arc中，不显示它们，但是在R中，它们显示为gplot.当我使用光栅包中的绘图"时，它们不会显示:
Second, The darker gray background in the R plot is No Data values. In Arc, they do not display, but in R they display with gplot. They do not display when I use 'plot' from the raster package:
plot(test)
我的问题如下:
- 如何摆脱"gplot"示例中的深灰色NoData填充?
- 如何设置图例(颜色栏)合理(例如在ArcMap和栅格绘图"图例中?)
- 如何控制颜色图?
请注意，我尝试了
scale_fill_brewer
scale_fill_manual
scale_fill_gradient
依此类推，但例如，我得到了错误
and so on and so forth but I get errors, for example
br <- seq(minValue(test), maxValue(test), len=8)
gplot(test)+
geom_tile(aes(fill=factor(value),alpha=0.8)) +
scale_fill_gradient(breaks = br,labels=sprintf("%.02f", br)) +
geom_polygon(data=OR, aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group),
fill=NA,color="grey50", size=1)+
coord_equal()
Regions defined for each Polygons
Error: Discrete value supplied to continuous scale
最后，一旦有了绘制这些贴图之一的解决方案，我想在一个图形上绘制多个贴图，并为整个面板创建一个颜色条(即，所有地图都使用一个颜色条)，我想能够控制颜色条的位置和颜色条的大小.这是我可以使用grid.arrange进行操作的示例，但是我不知道如何设置单个颜色条:
Finally, once I have a solution for plotting one of these maps, I would like to plot multiple maps on one figure and create a single colorbar for the entire panel (i.e. one colorbar for all the maps) and I would like to be able to control where the colorbar is located and the size of the colorbar. Here is an example of what I can do with grid.arrange, but I cannot figure out how to set a single colorbar:
r1 <- test
r2 <- test
r3 <- test
r4 <- test
colr <- colorRampPalette(rev(brewer.pal(11, 'RdBu')))
l1 <- levelplot(r1,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
l2 <- levelplot(r2,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
l3 <- levelplot(r3,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
l4 <- levelplot(r4,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
grid.arrange(l1, l2, l3, l4,nrow=2,ncol=2) #use package gridExtra
输出是这样的:
shapefile和栅格文件可通过以下链接获得:
The shapefile and raster file are available at the following link:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B5PPm9lBBGbDTjBjeFNzMHZYWEU
非常感谢.
devtools :: session_info()
会话信息------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- -------------------
设定值
版本R版本3.1.1(2014-07-10)
系统x86_64，darwin10.8.0
ui RStudio(0.98.1103)
语言(EN)
整理en_US.UTF-8
tz America/Los_Angeles
devtools::session_info()
Session info ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
setting value
version R version 3.1.1 (2014-07-10)
system x86_64, darwin10.8.0
ui RStudio (0.98.1103)
language (EN)
collate en_US.UTF-8
tz America/Los_Angeles
包装---------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------
包*版本日期来源
bitops 1.0-6 2013-08-17 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
色彩空间1.2-6 2015-03-11 CRAN(R 3.1.3)
devtools 1.8.0 2015-05-09 CRAN(R 3.1.3)
摘要0.6.4 2013-12-03 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
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munsell 0.4.2 2013-07-11 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
plyr 1.8.2 2015-04-21 CRAN(R 3.1.3)
原型0.3-10 2012-12-22 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
栅格* 2.2-31 2014-03-07 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
rasterVis * 0.28 2014-03-25 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
RColorBrewer * 1.0-5 2011-06-17 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
Rcpp 0.11.2 2014-06-08 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
RCurl 1.95-4.6 2015-04-24 CRAN(R 3.1.3)
reshape2 1.4.1 2014-12-06 CRAN(R 3.1.2)
rgdal * 0.8-16 2014-02-07 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
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弦0.4-1 2014-12-14 CRAN(R 3.1.2)
纵梁1.0.0 2015-04-30 CRAN(R 3.1.3)
viridis * 0.3.1 2015-10-11 CRAN(R 3.2.0)
XML 3.98-1.1 2013-06-20 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
动物园1.7-11 2014-02-27 CRAN(R 3.1.0)
Packages -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package * version date source
bitops 1.0-6 2013-08-17 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
colorspace 1.2-6 2015-03-11 CRAN (R 3.1.3)
devtools 1.8.0 2015-05-09 CRAN (R 3.1.3)
digest 0.6.4 2013-12-03 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
ggplot2 * 1.0.1 2015-03-17 CRAN (R 3.1.3)
ggthemes * 2.1.2 2015-03-02 CRAN (R 3.1.3)
git2r 0.10.1 2015-05-07 CRAN (R 3.1.3)
gridExtra 0.9.1 2012-08-09 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
gtable 0.1.2 2012-12-05 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
hexbin * 1.26.3 2013-12-10 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
lattice * 0.20-29 2014-04-04 CRAN (R 3.1.1)
latticeExtra * 0.6-26 2013-08-15 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
magrittr 1.5 2014-11-22 CRAN (R 3.1.2)
MASS 7.3-33 2014-05-05 CRAN (R 3.1.1)
memoise 0.2.1 2014-04-22 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
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zoo 1.7-11 2014-02-27 CRAN (R 3.1.0)
推荐答案
使用rasterVis::levelplot的方法如下:
加载东西:
library(rgdal)
library(rasterVis)
library(RColorBrewer)
阅读内容:
oregon <- readOGR('.', 'Oregon_10N')
r <- raster('oregon_masked_tmean_2013_12.tif')
定义一个色带调色板(或长度为1的颜色矢量，该颜色比下面的at参数定义的色带的中断数短).
Define a colour ramp palette (or a vector of colours with length 1 shorter than the number of breaks for the colour ramp defined with the at argument below).
colr <- colorRampPalette(brewer.pal(11, 'RdYlBu'))
绘制事物:
levelplot(r,
margin=FALSE, # suppress marginal graphics
colorkey=list(
space='bottom', # plot legend at bottom
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4) # legend ticks and labels
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent') # suppress axes and legend outline
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE), # suppress axis labels
col.regions=colr, # colour ramp
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) + # colour ramp breaks
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3)) # add oregon SPDF with latticeExtra::layer
您实际上可能希望绘制图例轮廓(包括其刻度线)，在这种情况下，请将axis.line=list(col='black')添加到colorkey args列表中.这是覆盖由par.settings=list(axis.line=list(col='transparent'))引起的对框的一般抑制所必需的:
You might actually want the legend outline (including its ticks) plotted, in which case add axis.line=list(col='black') to the list of colorkey args. This is required to override the general suppression of boxes caused by par.settings=list(axis.line=list(col='transparent')):
levelplot(r,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=colr,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
I agree with @hrbrmstr that viridis is often a better ramp to use, despite being--in my opinion--a bit ugly. The main benefits over something like ColorBrewer's RdYlBu are that colours are still distinct when desaturated, and colour differences better reflect the differences in values. I believe that RdYlBu is perfectly accessible for Deuteranopia/Protanopia/Tritanopia colour-blindness, though.
这是viridis版本:
Here's the viridis version:
library(viridis)
levelplot(r,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black')
),
par.settings=list(
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101)) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
编辑
为回答OP的其他问题，这是如何根据要求绘制多个栅格.
In response to OP's additional question, here is how to plot multiple rasters as requested.
假定所有栅格具有相同的范围，分辨率，投影等，则可以将它们堆叠到RasterStack中，然后在堆栈上使用levelplot.您可以将width作为传递给colorkey的列表的元素进行传递，以控制图例的高度(宽度"有点违反直觉，但默认情况下，图例是垂直的).如果要在每个面板上方禁止显示条形标签(如我在下面所做的-默认情况下，它们用堆栈的层名称标记[请参见names(s)])，则可以在传递的列表中添加strip.border和strip.background到par.settings.
Assuming all rasters have the same extent, resolution, projections, etc., you can stack them into a RasterStack, and then use levelplot on the stack. You can pass width as an element of the list passed to colorkey to control the legend's height ("width" is a little counter-intuitive, but by default legends are vertical). If you want to suppress strip labels above each panel (as I've done below - by default they are labelled with the stack's layer names [see names(s)]), you can add strip.border and strip.background to the list passed to par.settings.
s <- stack(r, r*0.8, r*0.6, r*0.4)
levelplot(s,
margin=FALSE,
colorkey=list(
space='bottom',
labels=list(at=-5:5, font=4),
axis.line=list(col='black'),
width=0.75
),
par.settings=list(
strip.border=list(col='transparent'),
strip.background=list(col='transparent'),
axis.line=list(col='transparent')
),
scales=list(draw=FALSE),
col.regions=viridis,
at=seq(-5, 5, len=101),
names.attr=rep('', nlayers(s))) +
layer(sp.polygons(oregon, lwd=3))
这篇关于如何设置使用ggplot2映射栅格的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
