格式化ggplot2映射 [英] Format the ggplot2 map
问题描述
-
在国家中心有两个标签不容易读取信息。他们重叠。减少数字未解决。
-
我想更改颜色符号并不知道如何访问它。我想用颜色来轻松地注意到GDP的差异。
我的数据是: In the center of Country have two labels aren't easy to read the information. They are overlapping.Reducing the numbers not resolved.
I would like to change the colour breaks and don't know how to access it. I would like to use colors to become easy to note the diferences of GDP.
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B_coFit6AovfcEFkbHBjZEJaQ1E/edit
这是我的代码:
gpclibPermit()
库(ggplot2)
库(rgdal)
库(rgeos)
库(ggmap)
#读取管理界限(适当地更改文件夹)
brMap< - readShapePoly(BRASIL.shp)
brMap
#读取下载的数据(适当更改文件夹)
brRen< - read.csv(Renda.csv,sep =;,quote =\,dec =。,stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
brRen $ rendapc< - as.numeric(as.character(brRen $ rendapc))#format as numeric
#convert shp to UTF8
library(descr)
brMap $ ESTADO< -toUTF8(brMap $ ESTADO,IBM850)
#转换shp数据到数据框为ggplot
as.data.frame(brMap)#para definir一个区域
brMap = gBuffer(brMap,width = 0,byid = TRUE)#Polygons的正确问题 - TopologyException
brMapDf< - fortify(brMap,region =UF)
brMapDf
#合并地图和数据
brRenMapDf< - merge(brMapDf,brRen ,by.x =id,by.y =Iden)
brRenMapDf< - brRenMapDf [order(brRenMapDf $ order),]
# b $ b brazil.limits< - geocode(c(MonteCaburaí,Barra doChuí,Serra do Divisor,Ilhas Martin Vaz))
brRenMapDf < - subset(brRenMapDf,long > min(brazil.limits $ lon)&长时间< max(brazil.limits $ lon)& lat> min(brazil.limits $ lat)& lat < max(brazil.limits $ lat))
#ggplot mapping
#data layer
m0 < - ggplot(data = brRenMapDf)
#空映射(仅限(x = long,y = lat,group = group),color ='gray')+ coord_equal()
m1
#填写教育支出数据
m2< - m1 + geom_polygon(aes(x = long,y = lat,group = group,fill = rendapc))
m2
#逆序(具有可见边界)
m0 < - ggplot(data = brRenMapDf)
m1 < - m0 + geom_polygon(aes(x = long,y = lat ,group = group,fill = rendapc))+ coord_equal()
m2 <-m1 + geom_path(aes(x = long,y = lat,group = group),color ='black')
m2
#通过GoogleMap(如果投影不正确,则不工作)
map< - get_map(location ='Brazil',zoom = 4)
m0 < - ggmap(map)
m1 < - m0 + geom_polygon(aes(x = long,y = lat,group = group,fill = rendapc),data = brRenMapDf,alpha = .9)
m2< - m1 + geom_path(aes(x = long,y = lat,group = group),data = brRenMa pDf,color ='black')
m2
#添加文本
库(doBy)
txtVal< - summaryBy(long + lat + data = brRenMapDf,FUN = mean,keep.names = T)
m3 <-m2 + geom_text(aes(x = long,y = lat,label = rendapc),data = txtVal,col =黄,hjust = 0.5,vjust = 0.5,cex = 3)
m3
我想要改进的结果:
关于更改颜色比例,ggplot2拥有统一的尺度处理方式。你正在寻找的函数总是格式为 scale_ {which_scale} _ {scale_type}
,其中 which_scale
是一种审美(您在 aes()
中使用的内容,例如 fill
或 size
)和 scale_type
可以是连续的或离散的等等。如果你想调整 fill
scale为 scale_fill_continuous
, scale_fill_gradient
或 scale_fill_gradient2
。看看这些函数的文档。
代码示例:
m2 < - m1 + geom_polygon(aes(x = long,y = lat,group = group,fill = rendapc))
m2 + scale_fill_gradient(low =blue,high =red)
I´m trying to produce a worldmap using ggplot2 in R. I want to show GDP per capita from Brazilian States. There are 2 problems:
My data is: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B_coFit6AovfcEFkbHBjZEJaQ1E/edit
Here is my code:
library(maptools)
gpclibPermit()
library(ggplot2)
library(rgdal)
library(rgeos)
library(ggmap)
# read administrative boundaries (change folder appropriately)
brMap <- readShapePoly("BRASIL.shp")
brMap
# read downloaded data (change folder appropriately)
brRen <- read.csv("Renda.csv", sep = ";", quote = "\"", dec=".", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
brRen$rendapc <- as.numeric(as.character(brRen$rendapc)) # format as numeric
#convert shp to UTF8
library(descr)
brMap$ESTADO<-toUTF8(brMap$ESTADO, "IBM850")
# convert shp data to data frame for ggplot
as.data.frame(brMap) # para definir a region
brMap = gBuffer(brMap, width=0, byid=TRUE) #correct problem with Polygons - TopologyException
brMapDf <- fortify(brMap, region="UF")
brMapDf
# merge map and data
brRenMapDf <- merge(brMapDf, brRen, by.x="id", by.y="Iden")
brRenMapDf <- brRenMapDf[order(brRenMapDf$order),]
# limit data to main Europe
brazil.limits <- geocode(c("Monte Caburaí", "Barra do Chuí", "Serra do Divisor", "Ilhas Martin Vaz"))
brRenMapDf <- subset(brRenMapDf, long > min(brazil.limits$lon) & long < max(brazil.limits$lon) & lat > min(brazil.limits$lat) & lat < max(brazil.limits$lat))
# ggplot mapping
# data layer
m0 <- ggplot(data=brRenMapDf)
# empty map (only borders)
m1 <- m0 + geom_path(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group), color='gray') + coord_equal()
m1
# fill with education expenditure data
m2 <- m1 + geom_polygon(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group, fill=rendapc))
m2
# inverse order (to have visible borders)
m0 <- ggplot(data=brRenMapDf)
m1 <- m0 + geom_polygon(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group, fill=rendapc)) + coord_equal()
m2 <- m1 + geom_path(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group), color='black')
m2
# over a GoogleMap (not working if not correctly projected)
map <- get_map(location = 'Brazil', zoom=4)
m0 <- ggmap(map)
m1 <- m0 + geom_polygon(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group, fill=rendapc), data=brRenMapDf, alpha=.9)
m2 <- m1 + geom_path(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group), data=brRenMapDf, color='black')
m2
# add text
library(doBy)
txtVal <- summaryBy(long + lat + rendapc ~ id, data=brRenMapDf, FUN=mean, keep.names=T)
m3 <- m2 + geom_text(aes(x=long, y=lat, label=rendapc), data=txtVal, col="yellow", hjust=0.5, vjust=0.5, cex=3)
m3
My result I want to improve:
In regard to changing the colorscale, ggplot2 has a uniform way of handling scales. The function you are looking for always has the format scale_{which_scale}_{scale_type}
, where which_scale
is an aesthetic (what you use in aes()
, for example fill
or size
), and scale_type
can be continuous or discrete, etc. What you are looking for if you want to tweak the fill
scale is scale_fill_continuous
, scale_fill_gradient
, or scale_fill_gradient2
. Have a look at the documentation of those functions.
A code example:
m2 <- m1 + geom_polygon(aes(x=long, y=lat, group=group, fill=rendapc))
m2 + scale_fill_gradient(low = "blue", high = "red")
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