使用Azure Active Directory手动解码承载令牌，如何验证? [英] Manual decode a Bearer Token using Azure Active Directory, How do I validate?

问题描述

我正在Net Core WebApi应用程序中使用以下代码，并且运行良好.

I'm using the code below in a Net Core WebApi app and it's working well.

我可以解码它产生的JWT，但是我也想验证它的签名.但是，我从哪里获得验证密钥?

I can decode the JWT that it produces, but I would also like to verify it's signature. But, where do I get the key to verify it with?

            tenant = Configuration.GetSection("AzureAD:Tenant").Value;
            Logger.AppLogDebug("tenat value found: [{0}]", tenant);

            azureAdInstance = Configuration.GetSection("AzureAD:AzureADInstance").Value;
            Logger.AppLogDebug("azureAdInstance value found: [{0}]", azureAdInstance);

            audience = Configuration.GetSection("AzureAD:Audience").Value;
            Logger.AppLogDebug("Audience value found: [{0}]", audience);

        var authority = $"{azureAdInstance}{tenant}";
        Logger.AppLogDebug("authority value set to: [{0}]", authority);

        var authContext = new AuthenticationContext(authority);

        var clientCredential = new ClientCredential(key, secret);

            var token = authContext.AcquireTokenAsync(audience, clientCredential).Result.AccessToken;
            return new ObjectResult($"Bearer {token}");

推荐答案

您可以使用JwtBearer或AddAzureADBearer中间件来验证访问令牌.这样，当接收到来自客户端的请求时，您的Web api将自动解码令牌并验证签名.您可以参考以下链接，了解如何使用两种中间件:

You can use JwtBearer or AddAzureADBearer middleware to validate the access token . So that when receiving request form client , your web api will automatically decode token and verify the signature . You can refer to below link for how to use the two middlewares :

https://stackoverflow.com/a/57619013/5751404

如果要手动验证jwt令牌，则在验证访问令牌的签名时，应该获取公共密钥，因为Azure AD可以使用一组特定的公共-私有密钥对中的任何一个对令牌进行签名，因此这些密钥可以在以下位置找到:

If you want to manually verify the jwt token , When validating the signature of access token , you should get the public key since Azure AD may sign token using any one of a certain set of public-private key pairs , the keys could be found at :

https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant}/.well-known/openid-configuration 

在JSON响应中，您将看到属性jwks_uri，该属性是URI，其中包含Azure AD的JSON Web密钥集.匹配jwt令牌中的kid声明，您可以找到AAD用于通过非对称加密算法(默认情况下为RSA 256)对令牌进行签名的密钥.

Within the JSON response, you’ll see a property jwks_uri which is the URI that contains the JSON Web Key Set for Azure AD. Matching the kid claim in jwt token , you can find the key which AAD used to sign the token with asymmetric encryption algorithms, such as RSA 256 by default .

然后您可以使用:

public JwtSecurityToken validate(string token,string key){

    var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
    string exponentvalue = "AQAB";
    var e = Base64UrlEncoder.DecodeBytes(exponentvalue);
    var N = key;
    var modulus = Base64UrlEncoder.DecodeBytes(N);
    rsa.ImportParameters(
        new RSAParameters()
        {
            Modulus = modulus,
            Exponent = e
        });
    var signingKey = new RsaSecurityKey(rsa);

    TokenValidationParameters validationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
    {
        ValidateAudience = false,
        ValidateIssuer = false,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
        IssuerSigningKey = signingKey,
        ValidateLifetime = false
    };

    JwtSecurityTokenHandler tokendHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();

    SecurityToken jwt;

    var result = tokendHandler.ValidateToken(token, validationParameters, out jwt);

    return jwt as JwtSecurityToken;
}

我还没有测试上面的代码，但是您可以尝试从上面开始.

I haven't test above codes but you can try and start with that .

此外，您正在使用客户端凭证流来获取特定资源的令牌.如果资源是Microsoft hosted apis，例如Microsoft Graph API，Azure Management API等.您无需在应用程序中验证访问令牌.将带有令牌的请求发送到Microsoft托管的api时，它将为您验证令牌.

In addition , you are using client credential flow to acquiring token for specific resource . If the resource is the Microsoft hosted apis such as Microsoft Graph API, Azure Management API etc.. You don't need to validate the access token in your application . When sending request with token to Microsoft hosted apis , it will validate the tokens for you .

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