Windows UI自动化无法识别按钮控件 [英] Windows UI Automation doesn't recognize button controls

问题描述

尝试通过 Windows UI Automation 识别 Notification Area 窗口内的按钮控件时遇到问题(类名: ToolbarWindow32 ):

I'm having problems trying to identify via Windows UI Automation the button controls that are inside the Notification Area window (classname: ToolbarWindow32):

我通过部署在 Windows SDK 中的 Windows UI自动化工具验证了这些图标"是 ControlType.Button 类型的控件，但是，当我尝试运行下面的代码时，我得到了空引用异常，因为我使用的搜索条件无法获得任何控制.

I verified via the Windows UI Automation tools deployed in the Windows SDK that those "icons" are controls of type ControlType.Button, however when I try to run the code below I get a null-reference exception because the search condition I use doesn't get any control.

我做错了什么，或者我在 Windows UI Automation 中发现了某种限制?

I'm doing something wrong, or maybe I found some kind of limitation in Windows UI Automation ?

这是代码，我将其与WinAPI调用混合在一起，以方便可能喜欢使用该方法的帮助用户.

This is the code, I mixed it with WinAPI calls just to facilitate the task for the helper users who maybe preffers to use that methodology.

Dim tskBarClassName As String = "Shell_TrayWnd"
Dim tskBarHwnd As IntPtr = NativeMethods.FindWindow(tskBarClassName, Nothing)

Dim systrayBarClassName As String = "TrayNotifyWnd"
Dim systrayBarHwnd As IntPtr = NativeMethods.FindWindowEx(tskBarHwnd, IntPtr.Zero, systrayBarClassName, Nothing)

Dim ntfyBarClassName As String = "ToolbarWindow32"
Dim ntfyBarHwnd As IntPtr = NativeMethods.FindWindowEx(systrayBarHwnd, IntPtr.Zero, ntfyBarClassName, Nothing)

Dim window As AutomationElement = AutomationElement.FromHandle(ntfyBarHwnd)
Dim condition As New PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Button)
Dim button As AutomationElement = window.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, condition)

MsgBox(button.Current.Name) ' Here throws the null-reference exception.

有什么解决办法吗?

推荐答案

我通过Windows SDK中部署的Windows UI自动化工具验证了那些图标"是ControlType.Button类型的控件

I verified via the Windows UI Automation tools deployed in the Windows SDK that those "icons" are controls of type ControlType.Button

您是正确的 一些 .从技术上讲，它们不在ToolbarWindow32中，而在Shell_TrayWnd 中.我检查了该区域，发现这些按钮实际上在 ToolBar 中，因此您需要查找 ControlType.ToolBar .接下来，您需要 FindAll ，它将返回满足 PropertyCondition ...

You are correct somewhat. Technically they are not in ToolbarWindow32, rather Shell_TrayWnd. I inspected the area and found out, those buttons are actually in a ToolBar, so you need to look for the ControlType.ToolBar. Next you need to FindAll which will return all AutomationElements that would satisfy the PropertyCondition...

注意:第一个循环是获取用户升级通知区域".下一个有趣的循环是获取正在运行的应用程序"按钮...(代码正在WIN7，WIN8和WIN10上运行)

在下面的示例中，我遵循了 Shell_TrayWnd ，它将为我们提供所需的东西.然后我遍历一下，找到我们要使用的 ToolBar ，然后循环遍历 Button ...

Here in my example below, I go after the Shell_TrayWnd which will get us what we would need. Then I go through and find what ToolBar we are after, then loop through and FindAll ControlTypes of Button...

Dim arrText As New List(Of String)
        Dim tskBarClassName As String = "Shell_TrayWnd"
        Dim tskBarHwnd As IntPtr = FindWindow(tskBarClassName, Nothing)
        Dim window As AutomationElement = AutomationElement.FromHandle(tskBarHwnd)
        Dim condition As New PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.ToolBar)
        Dim elementCollection As AutomationElementCollection = window.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, condition)

        'for fun get all we can...
        For Each aE As AutomationElement In elementCollection
            If aE.Current.Name.Equals("User Promoted Notification Area") Then
                For Each ui As AutomationElement In aE.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, New PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Button))
                    arrText.Add("Notification Area - " & Replace(ui.Current.HelpText, Chr(10), " "c)) 'removed line break as when shown it would show some on a new line in messagebox
                Next
            ElseIf aE.Current.Name.Equals("Running applications") Then
                For Each ui As AutomationElement In aE.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, New PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Button))
                    arrText.Add("Toolbar Area - " & Replace(ui.Current.Name, Chr(10), " "c)) 'removed line break as when shown it would show some on a new line in messagebox
                Next
            End If

        Next

If arrText.Count > 0 Then
            MessageBox.Show(String.Join(Environment.NewLine, arrText.ToArray))
        End If

如果您有任何疑问，请告诉我.下图(出于安全原因我将某些内容注释掉了)

If you have any questions, please let me know. Image below (some things I commented out for secure reasons)

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