Vim:缩进制表符，与空格对齐 [英] Vim: Indent with tabs, align with spaces

问题描述

我已经阅读了几个问题和答案:

I've already read several questions and answers:

• Vim:将标签用于缩进，用于与C源文件对齐的空间
• Vim:将连续的行与空格对齐

但是他们都没有为我提供解决方案.

But none of them offers a solution for me.

我真的很想应用"缩进制表符，与空格对齐"的原则，但是当它出现时自动缩进，我没法教Vim正确的做法.

I really want to apply the "Indent with tabs, align with spaces" principle, but when it comes to auto-indentation, I failed to teach Vim how to do that right.

考虑代码，假设 tabstops == 3 ， shiftwidth == 3

(>-表示制表符，而.(点)表示空格):

(>-- means tab, and . (a dot) means space):

{
>--long a = 1,
>-->--..b = 2,
>-->--..c = 3;
}

因此，它尽可能地缩进制表符，然后用空格填充其余部分.但这实际上是一种非常糟糕的方法:当某人将以不同的制表符大小阅读此代码时，该代码将被弄乱.标签大小等于8个字符的情况如下所示:

So, it indents with tabs as much as possible, and then fills the rest with spaces. But it is actually a very bad approach: when someone will read this code with different tab size, the code will be messed up. Here what it will look like with tab size equal to 8 chars:

{
>-------long a = 1,
>------->-------..b = 2,
>------->-------..c = 3;
}

这太可怕了.问题是Vim不能区分缩进和对齐.

It is horrible. The problem is that Vim doesn't distinguish between indentation and alignment.

要使它无论使用哪种制表符大小都能正确显示，应按以下方式缩进代码:

To make it look correctly with whatever the tab size is, the code should be indented this way:

{
>--long a = 1,
>--.....b = 2,
>--.....c = 3;
}

然后，无论该选项卡大小如何，此代码都将看起来不错.例如8个字符:

Then, this code will look nice whatever that tab size is. For example, 8 chars:

{
>-------long a = 1,
>-------.....b = 2,
>-------.....c = 3;
}

如何实现?

推荐答案

影响Vim缩进的最有效方法是通过'indentexpr'.从其:help :

The most powerful way to influence indenting in Vim is via 'indentexpr'. From its :help:

表达式必须返回缩进的空格数.它可以返回"-1"以保持当前缩进(这意味着"autoindent"为用于缩进).

The expression must return the number of spaces worth of indent. It can return "-1" to keep the current indent (this means 'autoindent' is used for the indent).

因为它返回空格的数量，而不是呈现的缩进本身，并且Vim到目前为止仅支持制表符，空格或制表符最大数量的空格(称为softtabstop)，无法完成此操作.

As this returns the number of spaces, not the rendered indent itself, and Vim only so far supports tab-, space-, or maximal-number-of-tab-followed-by-spaces (called softtabstop), this cannot be done.

因此，如果您真的想使用这种缩进方法(我个人也喜欢它的纯净和优雅！(但我不使用它))，则必须关闭自动缩进和自动格式化不幸的是，您自己手动完成了全部工作.

So, if you really want to use this indent method (I personally like it for its purity and elegance, too! (but I don't employ it)), you have to turn off auto-indenting and auto-formatting and do the entire stuff manually by yourself, unfortunately.

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