用可变数量的空格替换制表符，保持对齐 [英] Replace tab with variable amount of spaces, maintaining the alignment

问题描述

我有一个制表符分隔的文件，由7列组成.

I have a tab separated file, consisting of 7 columns.

ABC     1437    1       0       71      15.7    174.4
DEF     0       0       0       1       45.9    45.9
GHIJ    2       3       0       9       1.1     1.6

我需要用可变数量的空格字符替换制表符，以便保持列对齐.请注意，我不不希望每个标签都被8个空格代替.相反，我希望在第1行第1列(8-length(ABC)= 5)之后有5个空格，在第1行第2列(8-length(1437)= 4)之后等等，等等.

What I need is to replace the tab character with variable amount of space characters in order ot maintain the column alignment. Note that, I do not want every tab to be replaced by 8 spaces. Instead, I want 5 spaces after row #1 column #1 (8 - length(ABC) = 5), 4 spaces after row #1 column #2 (8 - length(1437) = 4), etc.

是否有一个Linux工具可以为我做，还是我应该自己编写?

Is there a linux tool to do it for me, or I should write it myself?

推荐答案

POSIX实用程序 pr 称为 pr -e -t 完全满足您的要求，并且在每个Unix安装中都存在AFAIK.

The POSIX utility pr called as pr -e -t does exactly what you want and AFAIK is present in every Unix installation.

$ cat file
ABC     1437    1       0       71      15.7    174.4
DEF     0       0       0       1       45.9    45.9
GHIJ    2       3       0       9       1.1     1.6

$ pr -e -t file
ABC     1437    1       0       71      15.7    174.4
DEF     0       0       0       1       45.9    45.9
GHIJ    2       3       0       9       1.1     1.6

，并且带有显示为 ^ I s的标签:

and with the tabs visible as ^Is:

$ cat -ET file
ABC^I1437^I1^I0^I71^I15.7^I174.4$
DEF^I0^I0^I0^I1^I45.9^I45.9$
GHIJ^I2^I3^I0^I9^I1.1^I1.6$

$ pr -e -t file | cat -ET
ABC     1437    1       0       71      15.7    174.4$
DEF     0       0       0       1       45.9    45.9$
GHIJ    2       3       0       9       1.1     1.6$

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