通过Ruby安装Cocoapods会导致错误 [英] Installing Cocoapods via Ruby causes Error

问题描述

我尝试像这样安装Cocoapods

I try to install Cocoapods like so

sudo gem install cocoapods

这是我得到的输出:

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.14.2/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20210206-1353-ybitkb.rb extconf.rb
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-ffi_c-dir
    --without-ffi_c-dir
    --with-ffi_c-include
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
    --with-ffi_c-lib
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/lib
    --enable-system-libffi
    --disable-system-libffi
    --with-libffi-config
    --without-libffi-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:546:in `block in try_link0'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/tmpdir.rb:93:in `mktmpdir'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:543:in `try_link0'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:570:in `try_link'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:672:in `try_ldflags'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1832:in `pkg_config'
    from extconf.rb:9:in `system_libffi_usable?'
    from extconf.rb:42:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-19/2.6.0/ffi-1.14.2/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.14.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-19/2.6.0/ffi-1.14.2/gem_make.out

基本上是这个

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:在try_do中:编译器无法生成可执行文件.(RuntimeError)您必须先安装开发工具.

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError) You have to install development tools first.

我必须首先安装哪些开发工具?xCode以及Xcode命令行工具已安装.我使用的是OS X 10.15.7，Xcode是最新的.

What development tools do I have to install first? xCode is installed, as well as the Xcode command line tools. I am on OS X 10.15.7, Xcode is up to date.

推荐答案

几个小时后终于明白了.我遵循了此指令，对其进行了一些更改

Finally got it after hours. I followed this instruction, changed it a bit

1. 确保已安装 brew .如果不/bin/bash -c" $(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

将shell设置为 zsh curl -L http://install.ohmyz.sh |sh

或设置PATH

1. eval``$(rbenv init-)''

安装Ruby版本管理器酿造更新 brew install rbenv ruby​​-build

Install Ruby Version Manager brew update brew install rbenv ruby-build

安装Ruby rbenv install 2.6 #我使用了系统默认版本号，因为我不确定它是否与OS X系统版本混淆. rbenv global 2.6 rbenv rehash

Install Ruby rbenv install 2.6 # I used my systems default version number because I was not sure if it messes with my OS X system version. rbenv global 2.6 rbenv rehash

将其添加到您的zsh echo'eval" $(rbenv init-)"'>>〜/.zshrc source〜/.zshrc

Add it to your zsh echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.zshrc source ~/.zshrc

对我来说就做到了.其他所有东西，例如安装Xcode，接受Xcode许可，Xcode命令行工具都没有.

That did it for me. All the other stuff like installing Xcode, accept the Xcode License, Xcode command line tools did not do it.

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