遍历Makefile中的目录列表 [英] Iterating through a list of directories in a Makefile

问题描述

我想在几个目录中执行一个任务，但是到目前为止没有找到类似于makefile的"解决方案.我知道这是一个经常被问到的问题，我知道如何为子makfile等解决它，但是我正在寻找更简单的方法.

I would like to execute a task in several directories but found no "makefile-like" solution up to now. I know this is an often asked question and I know how to solve it for sub-makfiles and so on, but I am looking for something simpler.

代替做

copy: 
     cd module1 && mkdir foo
     cd module2 && mkdir foo
     cd module3 && mkdir foo

我想要类似的东西

directories = module1 module2 module3

copy: $(directories)
     cd $< && mkdir foo

但这不起作用，因为在第一个目录中，receipe仅被调用一次.我想出了一个可行的解决方案，但可能不是Makefiles风格的

but that does not work, since the receipe is called only once with the first directory. I came up with this solution which works but is probably not in the style of Makefiles:

directories = module1 module2 module3

copy: 
     for d in $(directories); do cd $$d && mkdir foo && cd ..; done

如何更好地做到这一点?

How can I do this more nicely?

推荐答案

有很多方法可以做到这一点.

There are lots of ways of doing this.

您可以执行Andrew建议的操作而无需对前缀进行硬编码:

You can do what Andrew suggests without hard-coding a prefix:

directories = module1 module2 module2

%/foo: ; mkdir -p -- "$@"

copy: $(addsuffix /foo,$(directories))

给出

$ make -n copy
mkdir -p -- "module1/foo"
mkdir -p -- "module2/foo"
mkdir -p -- "module3/foo"

您还可以从makefile生成 copy 目标:

You can also generate the copy target from the makefile:

directories = module1 module2 module2

define copy-target
  copy:: ; cd $1 && mkdir foo
endef

$(foreach dir,$(directories),$(eval $(call copy-target,$(dir))))

这给出了:

$ make -n copy
cd module1 && mkdir foo
cd module2 && mkdir foo
cd module3 && mkdir foo

您还可以生成命令，而不是目标:

You could also generate the commands, not the target:

directories = module1 module2 module2

copy: ; $(foreach dir,$(directories),(cd $(dir) && mkdir foo) &&) :

结果

$ make -n copy
(cd module1 && mkdir foo) && (cd module2 && mkdir foo) && (cd module3 && mkdir foo) && :

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