如何解决VBA“类型不匹配"问题切换到64位Excel后出现错误 [英] How to fix a VBA "type mismatch" error after switching to 64-bit Excel

问题描述

运行32位版本的Excel时，我使用的代码运行正常.切换到64位版本后，宏中断了.我更新了dll调用，以便在各处使用 LongPtr 而不是 Long .
有什么方法可以确定对于特定的 Declare Function 而言，对于VBA7哪些参数和返回类型需要更改，哪些不需要更改?

I was using code that was working fine when I was running the 32-bit version of Excel. After I was switched to the 64-Bit version, the macro broke. I updated the dll calls to use LongPtr everywhere instead of Long.
Is there any way to determine which arguments and return types need to be changed for VBA7, and which don't, for a specific Declare Function?

这里是一些声明函数"的示例.我已经更新了(实际上还有更多).

Here is an example of some of the "Declare Functions" that I have updated (there were actually several more too).

#If VBA7 Then
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function CreateDC Lib "gdi32.dll" Alias "CreateDCA" (ByVal lpDriverName As String, ByVal lpDeviceName As String, ByVal lpOutput As String, lpInitData As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function CreateCompatibleBitmap Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As LongPtr, ByVal nWidth As LongPtr, ByVal nHeight As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function DeleteDC Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Const LOGPIXELSY As Long = 90
#Else
    Private Declare CreateDC Lib "gdi32.dll" Alias "CreateDCA" (ByVal lpDriverName As String, ByVal lpDeviceName As String, ByVal lpOutput As String, lpInitData As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function CreateCompatibleBitmap Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As Long, ByVal nWidth As Long, ByVal nHeight As Long) As Long
    Private Const LOGPIXELSY As Long = 90
#End If

此代码改编自以下问题的答案: vb宏字符串宽度

This code was adapted from an answer to this question: vb macro string width

相关代码段复制如下:

Private Function GetLabelSize(text As String, font As StdFont) As SIZE
    Dim tempDC As Long
    Dim tempBMP As Long
    Dim f As Long
    Dim lf As LOGFONT
    Dim textSize As SIZE

    tempDC = CreateDC("DISPLAY", vbNullString, vbNullString, ByVal 0)
    tempBMP = CreateCompatibleBitmap(tempDC, 1, 1)

我收到一个运行时错误，提示编译错误:类型不匹配".对 CreateDC 的函数调用突出显示，调试器在函数 GetLabelSize 上中断.我不知道哪个变量现在导致错误.我还假设一旦解决了第一个错误，我也会遇到其他错误.

I get a runtime error that just says "Compile Error: Type Mismatch." The function call to CreateDC is highlighted, and the debugger breaks on the function GetLabelSize. I have no idea which variable is now causing the error. I'm also assuming that once I fix this first error, I'll have other errors too.

我是否需要将最后一个参数( ByVal 0 )的值作为显式类型的变量传递?如果可以，怎么办?

Do I need to pass the value of that last argument (ByVal 0) as an explicitly typed variable? If so how?

推荐答案

我更新了dll调用，以便在各处使用 LongPtr 而不是 Long .

您不应该那样做.

通过在函数声明中添加 PtrSafe ，您对编译器的承诺将 LongPtr 放置在需要放置的所有位置，而没有其他地方.

By adding PtrSafe to a function declaration, you promise to the compiler that you have put LongPtr in all places where it needs to be, and nowhere else.

LongPtr 是一个指针大小的整数.它必须用于与指针大小相同的事物.

LongPtr is a pointer-sized integer. It must be used for things that have the same size as a pointer.

要了解哪些Windows API类型应描述为 LongPtr ，您必须查看原始函数签名，请查阅 https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/winprog/windows-data-types ，跟踪所有 typedef 到基本类型使用的数据类型，并对那些指向事物的指针使用 LongPtr .

To learn which Windows API types should be described as LongPtr, you must look at the original function signature, consult https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winprog/windows-data-types, track the used data types through all the typedefs down to the basic types, and use LongPtr for those that are pointers to things.

对于您所显示的功能，应该是

For the functions that you have shown, that would be

#If VBA7 Then
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function CreateDC Lib "gdi32.dll" Alias "CreateDCA" (ByVal lpDriverName As String, ByVal lpDeviceName As String, ByVal lpOutput As String, ByVal lpInitData As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function CreateCompatibleBitmap Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As LongPtr, ByVal nWidth As Long, ByVal nHeight As Long) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function DeleteDC Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As LongPtr) As Long
#Else
    Private Declare Function CreateDC Lib "gdi32.dll" Alias "CreateDCA" (ByVal lpDriverName As String, ByVal lpDeviceName As String, ByVal lpOutput As String, ByVal lpInitData As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function CreateCompatibleBitmap Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As Long, ByVal nWidth As Long, ByVal nHeight As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function DeleteDC Lib "gdi32.dll" (ByVal hdc As Long) As Long
#End If

在声明变量以保存 LongPtr 结果时，还需要使用 #If VBA7 :

When you declare variables to hold your LongPtr results, you need to use #If VBA7 too:

#If VBA7 Then
    Dim tempDC As LongPtr
    Dim tempBMP As LongPtr
#Else
    Dim tempDC As Long
    Dim tempBMP As Long
#End If

如果您不必支持 Office 2007及更低版本，您可以放弃 #If VBA7 s，而仅使用 LongPtr 分支.

If you don't have to support Office 2007 and older, you can ditch the #If VBA7s and only use the LongPtr branch.

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