Shell脚本中变量的第一个字符为大写吗? [英] First character of a variable in a shell script to uppercase?

问题描述

我有一个Shell脚本，可以启动模块的单元测试.我需要所有小写字母和第一个大写字母的模块名称.到目前为止，我一直在这样做:

I have a shell script that starts unit tests for modules. I need the name of the module in all lowercase and with the first character uppercase. So far I have been doing it like this:

#!/bin/sh -x                                                                                                                                                                          
# z.B. getbrowser                                                                                                                                                                     
strModuleToTest=$1

# g                                                                                                                                                                                   
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter=${strModuleToTest:0:1}
# etbrowser                                                                                                                                                                           
strModuleToTestUppercaseLastletters=${strModuleToTest:1}

# g -> G                                                                                                                                                                              
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/a/A}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/b/B}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/c/C}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/d/D}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/e/E}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/f/F}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/g/G}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/h/H}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/i/I}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/j/J}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/k/K}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/l/L}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/m/M}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/n/N}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/o/O}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/p/P}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/q/Q}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/r/R}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/s/S}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/t/T}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/u/U}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/v/V}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/w/W}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/x/X}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/y/Y}"
strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter="${strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter/z/Z}"

# Getbrowser
strModuleToTestUppercase=$strModuleToTestUppercaseFirstletter""$strModuleToTestUppercaseLastletters

设置$ strModuleToTestUppercase的更简单方法是什么?我尝试过

What would be an easier way to set $strModuleToTestUppercase? I tried

strModuleToTestUppercase="${strModuleToTest[@]^}"

或

strModuleToTestUppercasesed="sed 's/\<./\u&/g' $strModuleToTest"

但没有成功.

推荐答案

如果:

s=somemodule

使用bash v4 +

echo ${s^}

这应该适用于较旧的bash版本(来自Glenn):

This should work with a bit older bash versions (from Glenn):

echo $(tr a-z A-Z <<< ${s:0:1})${s:1}"

使用zsh

echo ${(C)s}

带有ash和coreutils

echo $(echo $s | cut -c1 | tr a-z A-Z)$(echo $s | cut -c2-)

使用GNU sed

echo $s | sed 's/./\U&/'

使用BSD sed

echo $s | sed '
  h;
  y/quvwxzdermatoglyphicsbfjkn/QUVWXZDERMATOGLYPHICSBFJKN/;
  G;
  s/\(.\)[^\n]*\n.\(.*\)/\1\2/;
'

awk

echo $s | awk '{ print toupper(substr($0, 1, 1)) substr($0, 2) }'

使用perl

echo $s | perl -nE 'say ucfirst'

使用python

echo $s | python -c 'import sys; print sys.stdin.readline().rstrip().capitalize()'

与红宝石

echo $s | ruby -e 'puts ARGF.read.capitalize'

所有情况下的输出结果

Somemodule

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