如何在 Ruby 中解析 Nokogiri 返回的这个数据结构? [英] How do I parse this data structure returned by Nokogiri in Ruby?
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问题描述
所以我循环遍历一个数组元素，这是返回的结果:
So I am cycling through an array element and this is the result returned:
[nil, [#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x835386d4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x835385f8 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2961573018.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x835381c0 "Web Designer Full time">]>
我想做的是访问 href 值，然后是 text 值.我该怎么做?
What I would like to do is access href value, and then the text value. How do I do that?
我试过了:
puts i[:href]
但这会产生这个错误:
TypeError: Symbol as array index
顺便说一下，我通过 each 像这样访问 i 作为数组中的一个元素:
By the way, I am accessing i as an element in the array via each like this:
contents.each do |i|
puts i.inspect
puts i[:href]
end
编辑 1:
这就是我生成 contents 数组的方式.没有必要重命名它，因为它会让人困惑:)
This is how I am generating the contents array. There is no need to rename it, because it can get confusing :)
contents = {}
first_items.each do |link|
content_url = link
content_page = Nokogiri::HTML(open(content_url))
contents[link[:href]] = content_page.css("p a")
end
puts contents.inspect
这就是输出:
{nil=>[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fee914 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fee838 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2961573018.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fee400 "Web Designer Full time">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fee298 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fee1bc name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2959813303.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fedd84 "Once in a lifetime opportunity...">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fedc1c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fedb40 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2925485723.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fed708 "Website Designer and Blogging Internship!">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fed5a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fed4c4 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2918424652.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fed08c "Excellent Java Developer Opportunity!">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fecf24 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fece48 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2888669703.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85feca10 "Freelance Graphic Design">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fec8a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fec7cc name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2900256461.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fec394 "GWT/GXT Developer">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fec22c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fec150 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2897641463.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85febd18 "Website hiring!">]>]}
这是 i 输出的完整值:
Here is the full value of the output for i:
--------------------
This is the value of i:
[nil, [#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fee914 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fee838 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2961573018.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fee400 "Web Designer Full time">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fee298 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fee1bc name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2959813303.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fedd84 "Once in a lifetime opportunity...">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fedc1c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fedb40 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2925485723.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fed708 "Website Designer and Blogging Internship!">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fed5a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fed4c4 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2918424652.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fed08c "Excellent Java Developer Opportunity!">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fecf24 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fece48 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2888669703.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85feca10 "Freelance Graphic Design">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fec8a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fec7cc name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2900256461.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85fec394 "GWT/GXT Developer">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x85fec22c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x85fec150 name="href" value="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2897641463.html">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x85febd18 "Website hiring!">]>]]
--------------------
This is the value of i.href:
编辑 2:
顺便说一下，这就是实际的 HTML 输出的样子……我是这样做的:
By the way, this is what the actual HTML output looks like...I did this:
builder = Nokogiri::HTML::Builder.new do |doc|
doc.html {
doc.body {
contents.each do |el|
if !el.nil?
puts "-" * 20
puts "This is the value of el: "
puts el.inspect
puts "-" * 20
puts "This is the value of el.href: "
puts el[:href]
end
doc.p {
doc.a el, :href => el
}
end
}
}
end
puts "*" * 50
puts "This is the HTML generated"
puts builder.to_html
这是它的样子:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<html><body><p><a href="<a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2961573018.html%22>Web%20Designer%20Full%20time</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2959813303.html%22>Once%20in%20a%20lifetime%20opportunity...</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2925485723.html%22>Website%20Designer%20and%20Blogging%20Internship!</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2918424652.html%22>Excellent%20Java%20Developer%20Opportunity!</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2888669703.html%22>Freelance%20Graphic%20Design</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2900256461.html%22>GWT/GXT%20Developer</a><a%20href=%22http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2897641463.html%22>Website%20hiring!</a>"><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2961573018.html">Web Designer Full time</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2959813303.html">Once in a lifetime opportunity...</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2925485723.html">Website Designer and Blogging Internship!</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2918424652.html">Excellent Java Developer Opportunity!</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2888669703.html">Freelance Graphic Design</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2900256461.html">GWT/GXT Developer</a><a href="http://bham.craigslist.org/web/2897641463.html">Website hiring!</a></a></p></body></html>
推荐答案
我认为它可以简单得多.Nokogiri 已经解析了文档并提供了访问内容的便捷方式.与其循环、存储 Nokogiri 对象，然后尝试提取它们，为什么不尝试更直接的方法?
I think it can be a lot simpler. Nokogiri already parses the document and provides convenient ways to access the content. Rather than looping, storing Nokogiri objects, then trying to extract them, why not try a more direct approach?
试试这个代码:
content_page.search(//a[@href]).map{ |el| [el[:href], el.text] }
这将创建包含文档中每个链接的 text 和 href 的二维数组，这就是您在后续评论中所说的，您实际上正在努力.
This creates the 2d array containing the text and href for each link in the document, which is what you said in a follow-up comment that you're actually working toward.
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