如何在 Java 中创建链表数据结构? [英] How do I create a Linked List Data Structure in Java?

问题描述

在 Java 中制作链表的最佳方法是什么?

What's the best way to make a linked list in Java?

推荐答案

对于熟悉 Java 的开发人员来说，显而易见的解决方案是使用 java.util 中已经提供的 LinkedList 类>.但是，假设您出于某种原因想要制作自己的实现.这是一个链接列表的快速示例，它在列表的开头插入一个新链接，从列表的开头删除并循环遍历列表以打印其中包含的链接.对此实现的增强包括使其成为双链表、从中间添加插入和删除方法或结束，并添加 get 和 sort 方法.

The obvious solution to developers familiar to Java is to use the LinkedList class already provided in java.util. Say, however, you wanted to make your own implementation for some reason. Here is a quick example of a linked list that inserts a new link at the beginning of the list, deletes from the beginning of the list and loops through the list to print the links contained in it. Enhancements to this implementation include making it a double-linked list, adding methods to insert and delete from the middle or end, and by adding get and sort methods as well.

注意:在示例中，Link 对象实际上并不包含另一个 Link 对象 - nextLink 实际上只是对另一个链接的引用.

Note: In the example, the Link object doesn't actually contain another Link object - nextLink is actually only a reference to another link.

class Link {
    public int data1;
    public double data2;
    public Link nextLink;

    //Link constructor
    public Link(int d1, double d2) {
        data1 = d1;
        data2 = d2;
    }

    //Print Link data
    public void printLink() {
        System.out.print("{" + data1 + ", " + data2 + "} ");
    }
}

class LinkList {
    private Link first;

    //LinkList constructor
    public LinkList() {
        first = null;
    }

    //Returns true if list is empty
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return first == null;
    }

    //Inserts a new Link at the first of the list
    public void insert(int d1, double d2) {
        Link link = new Link(d1, d2);
        link.nextLink = first;
        first = link;
    }

    //Deletes the link at the first of the list
    public Link delete() {
        Link temp = first;
        if(first == null){
         return null;
         //throw new NoSuchElementException(); // this is the better way. 
        }
        first = first.nextLink;
        return temp;
    }

    //Prints list data
    public void printList() {
        Link currentLink = first;
        System.out.print("List: ");
        while(currentLink != null) {
            currentLink.printLink();
            currentLink = currentLink.nextLink;
        }
        System.out.println("");
    }
}  

class LinkListTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LinkList list = new LinkList();

        list.insert(1, 1.01);
        list.insert(2, 2.02);
        list.insert(3, 3.03);
        list.insert(4, 4.04);
        list.insert(5, 5.05);

        list.printList();

        while(!list.isEmpty()) {
            Link deletedLink = list.delete();
            System.out.print("deleted: ");
            deletedLink.printLink();
            System.out.println("");
        }
        list.printList();
    }
}

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