C++中的对象序列化 [英] Object serialization in C++

问题描述

我想序列化/反序列化一些结构化数据，以便通过char*缓冲区通过网络发送.

I would like to serialize/deserialize some structured data in order to send it over the network via a char* buffer.

更准确地说，假设我有一个 struct Message 类型的消息.

More precisely, suppose I have a message of type struct Message.

struct Message {
        Header header;
        Address address;
        size_t size; // size of data part
        char* data;
    } message 

在 C 中，我会使用诸如:

In C, I would use something such as:

  size = sizeof(Header) + sizeof(Address) + sizeof(size_t) + message.size;
  memcpy(buffer, (char *) message, size);

序列化，和

Message m = (Message) buffer;

反序列化.

在 C++ 中执行此操作的正确"方法是什么.定义一个类而不是一个结构更好吗?我应该重载一些运算符吗?是否需要考虑对齐问题?

What would be the "right" way to do it in C++. Is it better to define a class rather than a struct. Should I overload some operators? are there alignment issues to consider?

感谢您指出char *"问题.提供的 C 版本不正确.data 字段指向的数据部分应该单独复制.

thanks for pointing the "char *" problem. The provided C version is incorrect. The data section pointed to by the data field should be copied separately.

推荐答案

其实有很多种:

你可以提升让它为你做:http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_52_0/libs/serialization/doc/tutorial.html

You can boost let it do for you: http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_52_0/libs/serialization/doc/tutorial.html

重载流操作符<< 用于序列化和>> 用于反序列化适用于文件和字符串流

Overloading the stream operators << for serialization and >> for deserialization works well with file and string streams

您可以指定构造函数 Message (const char*) 以从 char* 构造.

You could specify a constructor Message (const char*) for constructing from a char*.

我喜欢使用静态方法进行反序列化，例如:

I am a fan of static methods for deserialization like:

Message {
  ...
  static bool desirialize (Message& dest, char* source);
}

因为您可以在反序列化时直接捕获错误.

since you could catch errors directly when deserializing.

并且您提出的版本是可以的，在应用评论中的修改时受到尊重.

And the version you proposed is ok, when applying the modifications in the comments are respected.

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