我如何开始一个新的 Perl 模块分发? [英] How do I start a new Perl module distribution?

问题描述

我正在尝试建立一个用 Perl 编写的大型项目.IBM MakeMaker 教程 到目前为止非常有帮助，但我不明白如何将所有模块链接到主程序中.在我的项目根目录中，我有 MANIFEST、Makefile.PL、README、一个 bin 目录和一个 lib 目录.在我的 bin 目录中，我有我的主脚本 (Main.pl).在 lib 目录中，我有我的每个模块，分为各自的目录(即 Utils::Util1 和 Utils::Utils2> 在 utils 目录等中).在每个模块目录下，还有一个t目录，里面有tests

I'm trying to set up a large-ish project, written in Perl. The IBM MakeMaker tutorial has been very helpful so far, but I don't understand how to link all the modules into the main program. In my project root, I have MANIFEST, Makefile.PL, README, a bin directory, and a lib directory. In my bin directory, I have my main script (Main.pl). In the lib directory, I have each of my modules, divided up into their own respective directories (i.e. Utils::Util1 and Utils::Utils2 in the utils directory, etc). In each module directory, there is also a t directory, containing tests

我的 MANIFEST 文件包含以下内容:

My MANIFEST file has the following:

bin/Main.pl
lib/Utils/Util1.pm
lib/Utils/Util2.pm
lib/Utils/t/Utils1.t
lib/Utils/t/Utils2.t
Makefile.PL
MANIFEST
README

Makefile.PL 如下:

use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
WriteMakefile(
    'NAME'=>'Foo',
    'VERSION_FROM'=>'bin/Main.pl',
    'PREREQ_PM'=>{
    "XML::Simple"=> 2.18}, #The libraries that we need and their
                   #minimum version numbers
    'EXE_FILES' =>[("bin/Main.pl")]
);

在我制作并运行后，程序崩溃，抱怨找不到Utils::Util1，当我运行'make test时，它说没有定义测试.任何人都可以提出任何建议吗?我从来没有用perl做过这样的大型项目，我需要添加更多的模块

After I make and run, the program crashes, complaining that it cannot find Utils::Util1, and when I run 'make test, it says no tests defined. Can anyone make any suggestions? I have never done a large scale project like this in perl, and I will need to add many more modules

推荐答案

试试这个结构:

bin/Main.pl
lib/Utils/Util1.pm
lib/Utils/Util2.pm
Makefile.PL
MANIFEST
README
t/Utils1.t
t/Utils2.t

正如 ysth 所说，make 不会安装您的模块，它只是在 blib 目录中构建它们.(在您的情况下，它只是将它们复制到那里，但如果您有 XS 代码，它将使用 C 编译器编译.)使用 make install 安装您的模块以供常规脚本使用.

As ysth said, make does not install your modules, it just builds them in a blib directory. (In your case it just copies them there, but if you had XS code, it would be compiled with a C compiler.) Use make install to install your modules for regular scripts to use.

如果你想在 make 和 make install 之间运行你的脚本，你可以这样做:

If you want to run your script between make and make install, you can do:

perl -Mblib bin/Main.pl

-Mblib 指示 perl 将适当的目录临时添加到搜索路径中，以便您可以尝试卸载的模块.(make test 会自动做到这一点.)

The -Mblib instructs perl to temporarily add the appropriate directories to the search path, so you can try out an uninstalled module. (make test does that automatically.)

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