我的Perl脚本如何在同一个目录中找到它的模块？ [英] How can my Perl script find its module in the same directory?

问题描述

我最近写了一个新的Perl脚本来基于进程名称/用户名来终止进程，并使用类扩展它，以便我可以在其他程序中重用进程代码。我现在的布局是 -

  / home / mutew / src / prod / pskill<  -  Perl脚本
 / home / mutew / src / prod / Process.pm<  - 处理过程描述的包
  

I在我的$ PATH变量中添加了〜/ src / prod，以便从任何地方访问脚本。在从其驻留目录以外的任何目录运行脚本导致无法在@INC中找到Process.pm（这是可以理解的，除了/ usr中的共享目录，@INC仅包括当前目录 - ''）。我使用的一种解决方法是使用lib指令，所以 -

 使用lib'/ home / mutew / src / prod ; 
  

但这是一个主要的可移植性问题。任何解决方案，也将允许我将脚本导出到其他系统，没有和更改？

---

编辑

1. 由于其简单性和核心模块的使用，我选择了depesz答案为正确的。


2. brian d foy的回答虽然表明其他方法完成相同（TMTOWTDI），他在perlfaq8中的贡献使得这个问题绝对是多余的。

解决方案

我发现使用FindBin模块的最简单的方法。像这样：

 使用FindBin; 
使用lib $ FindBin :: Bin; 
  

一般来说，我喜欢让我的脚本以这样一种方式提供，程序在任何/ bin中，在这些情况下，我使用一种稍微复杂的方法：

 使用Cwd qw（abs_path）; 
使用FindBin; 
使用lib abs_path（$ FindBin :: Bin /../ lib）; 
  

abs_path调用是使@INC包含任何/ lib，而不是任何/ bin /。 ./lib - 这只是一个轻微的变化，但是使阅读错误信息更容易。

I recently wrote a new Perl script to kill processes based on either process name / user name and extended it using Classes so that I could reuse the process code in other programs. My current layout is -

/home/mutew/src/prod/pskill       <-- Perl script
/home/mutew/src/prod/Process.pm   <-- Package to handle process descriptions

I added ~/src/prod in my $PATH variable to access the script from anywhere. On running the script from any directory other than its resident directory leads to a "Can't locate Process.pm in @INC" (which is understandable given that other than the shared directories in /usr, @INC includes only the current directory - '.'). One workaround that I have been using is the use lib directive as so -

use lib '/home/mutew/src/prod';

but this is a major portability issue. Any solutions which will also allow me to export the script to other systems without and changes?

---

EDIT

1. I chose 'depesz' answer as the correct one because of its simplicity and core module usage.
2. brian d foy's answer though suggests other methods to accomplish the same (TMTOWTDI), his contribution in perlfaq8 renders this question absolutely redundant.

解决方案

The simplest approach I found it to use FindBin module. Like this:

use FindBin;
use lib $FindBin::Bin;

Generally I prefer to have my scripts provided in such a way that programs are in whatever/bin, and libraries are in whatever/lib

In these situations I use a slightly more complicated approach:

use Cwd qw(abs_path);
use FindBin;
use lib abs_path("$FindBin::Bin/../lib");

The abs_path call is to make the @INC contain whatever/lib, and not whatever/bin/../lib - it's just a slight change, but makes reading error messages easier.

这篇关于我的Perl脚本如何在同一个目录中找到它的模块？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！