比较两个字符串并在Python中提取变量数据的值 [英] Compare two strings and Extract value of variable data in Python

问题描述

在我的 python 脚本中，我有一个字符串列表，如

In my python script, I have a list of strings like,

birth_year = ["my birth year is *","i born in *","i was born in *"]

我想将一个输入句子与上面的列表进行比较，并且需要一个出生年份作为输出.

I want to compare one input sentence with the above list and need a birth year as output.

输入语句如下:

Example1: My birth year is 1994.
Example2: I born in 1995

输出将是:

Example1: 1994
Example2: 1995

我通过使用正则表达式应用了许多方法.但我没有找到完美的解决方案.

I applied many approaches by using regex. But I didn't find a perfect solution for the same.

推荐答案

如果将 birth_year 更改为正则表达式列表，则可以更轻松地与输入字符串匹配.使用年度捕获组.

If you change birth_year to a list of regexes you could match more easily with your input string. Use a capturing group for the year.

这是一个可以执行您想要的操作的函数:

Here's a function that does what you want:

def match_year(birth_year, input):  
    for s in birth_year:
        m = re.search(s, input, re.IGNORECASE)
        if m:
            output = f'{input[:m.start(0)]}{m[1]}'
            print(output)
            break

示例:

birth_year = ["my birth year is (\d{4})","i born in (\d{4})","i was born in (\d{4})"]

match_year(birth_year, "Example1: My birth year is 1994.")
match_year(birth_year, "Example2: I born in 1995")

输出:

Example1: 1994
Example2: 1995

对于 f 字符串，您至少需要 Python 3.6.

You need at least Python 3.6 for f-strings.

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