如何测试区域是否重叠(Python) [英] How to test if areas overlap (Python)

问题描述

我是一名编码新手，正在编写 Python 程序来使用 Pygame 库模拟自然选择.

I'm a novice coder writing a Python program to simulate natural selection using the Pygame library.

我想要完成的一件事是使重叠的移动椭圆(或者如果这太复杂，矩形)对象产生一个继承其特征的子对象.

One of the things I'm trying to accomplish is to make moving elliptical (or if this is too complex, rectangular) objects that overlap produce a child object that inherits their traits.

我的问题是我无法创建工作代码来识别任何两个对象区域何时重叠.我需要代码来识别两个对象何时穿过路径(并暂时重叠)，以便游戏知道产生另一个形状.

My problem is that I'm unable to create a working code to identify when any two object areas are overlapped. I need the code to identify when two objects are crossing paths (and momentarily overlapped) so that the game knows to spawn another shape.

有一次我尝试了一个复杂的嵌套 for 循环，我认为它可以工作，但这导致模拟崩溃.

At one point I tried a complex nested for-loop that I thought would work, but that caused the simulation to crash.

这是我的代码:

import pygame, random

# Define some colors
black = (0, 0, 0)
white = (255, 255, 255)
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)

pygame.init()

# Set the width and height of the screen
map_width = 800
map_height = 800
size = [map_width, map_height]
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)

# Display name
pygame.display.set_caption("Natural Selection Game")

# Loop until the user clicks the close button.
done = False

# Used to manage how fast the screen updates
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

# -------- Organism -----------
class Organism:

    def __init__(self):
        # Speed and direction
        self.change_x = random.randrange(0,6)
        self.change_y = random.randrange(0,6)

        # Dimensions
        self.width = random.randrange(5,50)
        self.height = random.randrange(5,50)

        # Diet (WIP)
        self.color = random.choice([red, green, blue])

        # Starting position
        self.x = random.randrange(0 + self.width, 800 - self.width)
        self.y = random.randrange(0 + self.height, 800 - self.height)

    # Spawn
    def spawn(self, screen):
        pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, self.color, [self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height])

    # Initiate movement
    def move(self):
        self.x += self.change_x
        self.y += self.change_y

    # Bounce 
    def bounce(self, map_width, map_height):
        if self.x < 0 or self.x > map_width - self.width:
            self.change_x = self.change_x * -1
        if self.y < 0 or self.y > map_height - self.height:
            self.change_y = self.change_y * -1

# Initial spawning conditions
org_list = []
org_number = 15

for i in range(0,org_number):
    org = Organism()
    org_list.append(org)

# -------- Main Program Loop -----------
while not done:
    # ---- Event Processing ----
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            done = True

    # ---- Logic ----
    # Movement
    for i in org_list:
        i.move()
        i.bounce(map_width, map_height)

    # Reproduction

    # ---- Drawing ----
    # Set the screen background
    screen.fill(white)

    # Spawn organisms
    for i in org_list:
        i.spawn(screen)

    # --- Wrap-up
    # Limit to 60 frames per second
    clock.tick(60)

    # Go ahead and update the screen with what we've drawn.
    pygame.display.flip()

# Close everything down
pygame.quit()

任何见解将不胜感激.

推荐答案

你应该使用 pygame.Rect 保持位置和大小，然后你可以使用 Pygame 函数来检查碰撞.

You should use pygame.Rect to keep position and size and then you can use Pygame functions to check collisions.

one_rect.colliderect(second_rect)

one_rect.coolidepoint(mouse_position)

查看文档中的其他函数 pygame.Rect

See other functions in docs for pygame.Rect

Pygame 也有 pygame.sprite.Group 来保存一组精灵并检查所有精灵的碰撞.

Pygame has also pygame.sprite.Group to keep group of sprites and check collisions for all sprites.

这篇关于如何测试区域是否重叠(Python)的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！